复合微穿孔板吸声结构吸声特性分析及优化  

Analysis and optimization of acoustic absorption characteristics for composite micro-perforated panel absorbers

作　　者：刘志恩[1,2] 袁金呈 陈弯 沈健 LIU Zhi’en;YUAN Jincheng;CHEN Wan;SHEN Jian(Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China;Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430070 [2]汽车零部件技术湖北省协同创新中心,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《声学技术》2021年第4期515-520,共6页Technical Acoustics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51575410)。

摘　　要：针对传统微穿孔板吸声结构(Micro-Perforated Panel Absorber,MPPA)吸声带宽较窄的问题,基于微穿孔板串并联耦合机制,提出了三种不同结构形式的复合MPPA结构。首先,依据声电类比法推导出了复合MPPA法向入射吸声系数的解析计算模型;然后,通过初步设计结构尺寸参数,探究了该类吸声结构的宽带吸声特性;针对500~3600 Hz的目标吸声频段,采用多种群遗传算法对复合MPPA以及传统简单MPPA、串联MPPA、并联MPPA分别进行优化,对比分析了其最优吸声带宽;最后,利用有限元法对优化后吸声性能最佳的复合MPPA进行了吸声系数仿真测试以及对应的阻抗管实验测试。测试结果表明,所提出的复合MPPA的宽带吸声性能优于传统简单MPPA、串联MPPA和并联MPPA的吸声性能;在500~3600 Hz频段内,优化后吸声性能最佳的复合MPPA能够实现优异的宽带吸声,平均吸声系数高达0.92。该类吸声结构为宽带噪声控制提供了一定的参考。To increase the acoustic absorption bandwidth of traditional micro-perforated panel absorber(MPPA),three composite MPPAs with different series-parallel combination structures are proposed in this paper.Firstly,according to the acoustoelectric analogy method,the analytical calculation models of normal incident acoustic absorption coefficient for composite MPPAs are established.Then,by preliminarily designing the structural parameters of different kinds of MPPAs,their broadband acoustic absorption characteristics are analyzed and the multi-population genetic algorithm is used to optimize their average acoustic absorption coefficients within 500~3600 Hz.Finally,the finite element method is used to perform the simulation experiment of acoustic absorption coefficient for the composite MPPA with optimal acoustic absorption performance.The results show that the broadband acoustic absorption performance of the proposed composite MPPAs is superior to that of the traditional simple MPPA,serial coupled MPPA and parallel coupled MPPA;the optimized composite MPPA has excellent broadband acoustic absorption performance in the frequency range of 500~3600 Hz,and its average acoustic absorption coefficient is up to 0.92,which can provide a good solution to broadband noise control.

关 键 词：复合微穿孔板吸声结构 宽带吸声 声电类比法 多种群遗传算法 

分 类 号：TB535[理学—物理]