铝用混合炉熔池内衬失效原因分析及延长使用寿命的措施  

A Study of the Refractory Failure of a Holding Furnace for Aluminum Smelting and Measures for Extending Refractory Service Life

作　　者：刘民章 LIU Min-zhang

机构地区：[1]青海桥头铝电股份有限公司,青海西宁810100

出　　处：《有色冶金节能》2021年第4期67-71,共5页Energy Saving of Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：基于铝用混合炉内衬的结构和作用,以及混合炉熔池内衬失效的特征,从熔池耐火材料表面状况、热冲击、内衬所受静压力大小、耐火材料杂质成分、机械搅拌、固体炉料添加操作、清炉操作等8个方面分析了40 t铝用混合炉熔池内衬失效的原因,并相应地提出了延长混合炉内衬使用寿命的措施,包括采用合理的混合炉设计尺寸,选择杂质含量低的耐火材料,提高筑炉质量,制定合理的烘炉曲线,采用新型预制块炉衬砌筑工艺,控制精炼剂和清渣剂的使用,优化固体炉料添加方式,提高搅拌扒渣操作水平,建立合理的清炉制度,减小高温电解铝液对炉衬的热冲击等。The structure and function of the refractory of Al-smelting holding furnace,and the characteristics of the refractory failure were described,and the causes of the failure were analyzed in eight aspects,including refractory surface condition,heat impact,static pressure,impurities,mechanic agitation,solid furnace charge,and furnace cleaning.Then suggestions were made on extending the service life of the refractory,including adopting appropriate furnace dimensions,using low-impurity refractory material,improving furnace refractory installation quality,developing an appropriate furnace heat-up curve,using pre-fabricated furnace refractory,controlling the dosage of refining agent and slag cleaning agent,improving the method of charging solids,and improving the operation of agitation and slag removal,establishing an appropriate furnace cleaning regime,and reducing the heat impact of hot aluminum electrolyte on the refractory.

关 键 词：40 t铝用混合炉 熔池 内衬 失效原因 重熔铝锭 电解铝 

分 类 号：TF806[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]