主梁结构形式对大跨度钢桥车致结构噪声的影响  

Analysis of vehicle-induced structure-borne noise characteristics of large-span steel bridge with different structure forms

作　　者：李小珍[1] 龚振华 LI Xiaozhen;GONG Zhenhua(School of Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学土木工程学院,成都610031

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2021年第16期91-99,158,共10页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51878565)。

摘　　要：为了探究不同结构形式大跨度钢桥的结构噪声辐射特性,基于车辆-轨道-桥梁耦合振动分析和统计能量分析(SEA)理论建立了大跨度钢桥的结构噪声预测模型。首先以构件的模态相似度对桥梁子系统进行划分;然后建立车辆-轨道-桥梁耦合振动频域模型,基于轨道不平顺理论描述轮轨相互作用,从而得到轨道板-桥面板频域支承力作为输入激励;最后基于统计能量功率平衡方程,建立桥梁子系统间的动力学、声学耦合关系并求解。经千厮门大桥的现场试验对该模型的可靠性进行了验证,并基于该预测模型对大跨度钢桁梁、钢箱梁桥结构噪声的频谱特性、远场辐射规律、衰减速率、构件声贡献量等进行了分析。结果表明:大跨度钢桁梁、钢箱梁桥的结构噪声以中、高频为主,峰值在63~160 Hz频段;钢桁梁的下层桥面系在水平和垂直测点声贡献率可达79.40%和90.96%,其中桥面板为32.08%和35.47%,纵梁、下弦杆、横梁次之;钢箱梁桥面板在水平和垂直测点声贡献率可达31.38%和46.04%,其次是横隔板和边腹板,纵肋、中腹板和底板的声贡献量远小于前者。To investigate the train-induced structure-borne noise characteristics of large-span steel bridge with different structure forms,the structural noise prediction model of long-span steel bridge was established based on the vehicle-track-bridge coupling vibration analysis and the statistical energy analysis(SEA)theory.Firstly,the subsystems were divided according to the model similarity of bridge components.Then the vehicle-track-bridge coupling vibration model in frequency domain was established,and the frequency-domain supporting forces between track slabs and bridge deck serving as the input excitation were obtained by describing the wheel-rail interaction based on the track-irregularity theory.Finally,based on the SEA power balance equation,the dynamic and acoustic coupling relationship between the bridge subsystems was established and solved.In this paper,the reliability of the sound prediction model was verified by the on-site test of Qiansimen Bridge.The spectral characteristics,the far-field radiation law,the attenuation rates and the components’acoustic contributions of long-span steel bridges with truss girder and box girder were analyzed.The results show that the structure-borne noise of long-span steel bridge with truss girder and box girder mainly focus on the medium and high frequency,and the peak values are in the range of 63-160 Hz;The acoustic contribution rates of the lower deck system of steel truss-girder bridge at the horizontal and vertical field points are 79.40%and 90.96%,among which the decks are 32.08%and 35.47%,followed by the longitudinal beams,lower chords and transverse beams;the acoustic contribution rates of decks of steel box-girder bridge at the horizontal and vertical field points are 31.38%and 46.04%,the acoustic contribution rates of longitudinal ribs,middle webs and bottom plates are much lower than that of diaphragm and side webs.

关 键 词：大跨度钢桥 车致结构噪声 统计能量分析(SEA) 车辆-轨道-桥梁耦合振动 

分 类 号：U24[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TB532[理学—物理]