蚯蚓粪对番茄根际土壤微生物学特性的影响  

Effects of Vermicompost on Microbial Characters in Rhizosphere Soil of Tomatoes

作　　者：曹旭[1,2] 张先成[3] 王向向 孟立强[1,2] 陈静宇[1] 周东兴[4] CAO Xu;ZHANG Xiancheng;WANG Xiangxiang;MENG Liqiang;CHEN Jingyu;ZHOU Dongxing(Institute of Microbiology,Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150010;Institute of Advanced Technology,Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150020;Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150001;College of Resources and Environmental Science,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150030)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省科学院微生物研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150010 [2]黑龙江省科学院高技术研究院,黑龙江哈尔滨150020 [3]黑龙江省科学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [4]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第15期97-105,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFD0300106)。

摘　　要：以番茄为试材,设置单施蚯蚓粪试验和蚯蚓粪配施化肥试验2组处理,研究蚯蚓粪对番茄根际土壤微生物学特性及酶活性的影响,以期为利用蚯蚓粪有机肥改良保护地栽培土壤肥力提供参考依据。结果表明:单施蚯蚓粪和蚯蚓粪配施化肥处理均能显著增加番茄根际土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量,并提高土壤微生物生物量碳氮及过氧化氢酶与脲酶活性。各处理表现的效果不同,2组试验中,60%100%蚯蚓粪处理显著增加细菌数量,40%100%蚯蚓粪处理显著增加真菌数量,20%80%蚯蚓粪处理显著增加放线菌数量;20%80%蚯蚓粪处理显著增加土壤微生物生物量碳氮,且随着蚯蚓粪含量的递增而递增;40%蚯蚓粪处理过氧化氢酶活性增加的幅度最大,脲酶活性则随蚯蚓粪含量的增加而增加。Tomato were used as test material,two treatments included the test treatment of single application of vermicompost and vermicompost+NPK fertilizer were carried out.The influence of vermicompost on tomato rhizosphere soil microbial properties and enzyme activity were studied,in order to provide a reference for the use of vermicompost organic fertilizer to improve protected cultivation soil fertility.The results showed that the treatment of single application of vermicompost and vermicompost+NPK fertilizer both significantly increased the quantity of tomato rhizosphere soil bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes,they also improved soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and the activity of catalase and urease.The performance of each treatment was different,in the two treatments,the treatment of adding 60%-100%vermicompost significantly increased the quantity of bacteria;40%-100%vermicompost significantly increased the quantity of fungi;20%-80%vermicompost significantly increased the quantity of actinomycetes;20%-80%vermicompost significantly increased soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen,increasing with the increase of vermicompost content;catalase activity was the largest increase in the treatment of adding 40%vermicompost;urease activity increased with vermicompost content increasing.

关 键 词：蚯蚓粪 根际土壤 微生物数量 微生物生物量 酶活性 

分 类 号：S19[农业科学—农业基础科学]