皮试对头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠变态反应的预测价值分析  

Analysis of value of intradermal test in predicting allergic reactions of cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium

作　　者：魏吟秋[1] 柯金珍[1] 陈方 WEI Yin-qiu;KE Jin-zhen;CHEN Fang(Department of Pharmacy,First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,Xiamen 361003,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学附属第一医院药学部,361003

出　　处：《中国现代药物应用》2021年第16期209-211,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Drug Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(项目编号:81903585)。

摘　　要：目的分析皮试对头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠(商品名:舒普深)变态反应的预测价值。方法曾使用头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠的3891例患者,针对患者基本情况、用药结果及转归等情况进行逐一分析。统计不同年龄的患者皮试结果,比较皮试阴性与阳性患者的变态反应发生情况。结果3891例患者中,行皮试患者共计906例(23.3%)。其中,皮试阳性患者既往无过敏史14例,既往有过敏史7例(过敏药物包括:破伤风抗毒素1例、头孢唑林4例、青霉素皮试剂2例)。其中,19例患者更换为其他品种抗菌药物如克林霉素、喹诺酮类及碳氢酶烯类药物治疗。未行皮试后上报变态反应报告的5例,变态反应发生率为0.17%(5/2985);皮试阴性但用药期间发生变态反应的2例,变态反应发生率为0.23%(2/885);皮试阳性用药期间发生变态反应的0例。皮试阴性患者及未行皮试患者变态反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(n>40,1<T=1.6<5,P=1.000>0.05)。皮试阳性患者变态反应发生率与未皮试患者变态反应发生率比较,差异具有统计学意义(T<1,P=0.000<0.05)。发生变态反应的7例患者均以皮疹、风团等皮肤反应为表现,及时停药并对症处理后均好转。结论使用头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠前行常规皮试未能减少变态反应发生,皮试对变态反应预测价值低。Objective To analyze the value of intradermal test in predicting allergic reactions of cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium(trade name:Sulperazon).Methods There were 3891 patients who had used cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium,and the basic condition,medication results and outcome of the patientstheir were analyzed.The intradermal test results of patients of different ages were counted,and the the occurrence of allergic reactions in patients with negative and positive intradermal test was compared.Results Among 3891 patients,a total of 906 patients(23.3%)underwent intradermal test.Among them,14 patients with positive intradermal test had no previous allergic history and 7 patients with positive intradermal test had previous allergic history(allergic drugs included 1 case of tetanus antitoxin,4 cases of cefazolin and 2 cases of penicillin skin reagent).Among them,19 patients were treated with other kinds of antibiotics,such as clindamycin,quinolones and hydrocarbons.5 cases of allergic reactions were reported by patients without intradermal test,and the incidence of allergic reactions was 0.17%(5/2985);2 cases with negative intradermal tests but allergic reactions during medication,the incidence of allergies was 0.23%(2/885);0 case with positive intradermal tests but allergic reactions during medication.There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of allergic reactions between patients with negative intradermal test and patients without intradermal test(n>40,1<T=1.6<5,P=1.000>0.05).There was statistically significant difference in the incidence of allergic reactions between patients with positive intradermal test and patients without intradermal test(T<1,P=0.000<0.05).All the 7 patients with allergic reactions showed skin reactions such as rash and wind masses,and they all improved after timely discontinuation of the drug and symptomatic treatment.Conclusion Routine intradermal test before cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium can not reduce the incidence of allergic reactions,s

关 键 词：头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠 皮试 变态反应 预测价值 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]