2011年以来我国1km^(2)以上湖泊变迁  

The Changes of Lakes above 1 km^(2) in China Since 2011

作　　者：王占玲 曹引 赵红莉[2] 蒋云钟[2] 李杰[5] 郭昊淼 李向龙 WANG Zhan-ling;CAO Yin;ZHAO Hong-li;JIANG Yun-zhong;LI Jie;GUO Hao-miao;LI Xiang-long(Faculty of Geomatics,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Department of Water Resources,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;National-local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring,Lanzhou 730070,China;Beijing North Canal Management Office,Beijing 101100,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院,兰州730070 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所,北京100038 [3]地理国情监测技术应用国家地方联合工程研究中心,兰州730070 [4]甘肃省地理国情监测工程实验室,兰州730070 [5]北京市北运河管理处,北京101100

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2021年第8期29-35,共7页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2017ZX07102-001-005);兰州交通大学优秀平台支持(201806)。

摘　　要：近年来由于气候变化和人类活动的双重影响,不同区域的湖泊发生了不同类型和不同程度的变化。采用RS和GIS技术,以第一次全国水利普查成果为基础,基于2019年GF-1时序遥感影像,通过面向对象多尺度分割结合双峰阈值法提取水体,在二次校正时利用目视解译判断出湖泊变迁类型,随后导出水体面积定量评价面积在1 km^(2)以上的发生变化的湖泊,并对变迁类型、变迁等级与数量进行统计分析。结果显示:①全国有814个湖泊发生不利变迁,主要变迁类型包括萎缩、耕地侵占、湿地侵占、养殖地侵占、其他侵占,占湖泊总数的28.3%;②变迁类型空间差异明显,北方湖泊多以干涸萎缩为主,南方湖泊变迁多以水田、养殖业侵占类型为主;③扩张型湖泊主要集中于西藏和青海地区。研究结果为湖泊变化监测和管理提供了最新基础数据。In recent years,lakes in different regions have changed in different types and degrees due to the increasing influence of climate change and human activities.This paper uses RS and GIS technology,based on the results of the first water conservancy survey and the 2019 GF-1 time series remote sensing image,the water body is extracted through object-oriented multi-scale segmentation combined with the bimodal threshold method,and visual observation is used in the secondary calibration.Interpretation to determine the type of lake change,and then derive the water area to quantitatively evaluate the lakes with an area of more than 1 km^(2) that have changed,and perform statistical analysis on the type,level and quantity of the changes.The results showed that:①About 814 lakes across the country have undergone unfavorable changes.The main types of changes include shrinkage,cultivated land encroachment,wetland encroachment,breeding land encroachment,other encroachment,accounting for 28.3%of the total number of lakes.②The spatial difference of change types is obvious,the lakes in the north are mostly dried up and shrunk,the lakes in the south are mostly occupied by paddy fields and aquaculture.③Expansion lakes are mainly concentrated on Tibet and Qinghai.The research results provide the latest basic data for lake change monitoring and management.

关 键 词：水利普查 时序遥感影像 目视解译 定量评价 湖泊变迁类型 

分 类 号：TV211.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源] P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]