基于Ziegler-Nichols优化算法的火电机组负荷频率PID控制研究  

PID control of load frequency of thermal power unit based on Ziegler-Nichols optimization algorithm

作　　者：于国强[1] 刘克天 胡尊民 汤可怡 史毅越 YU Guoqiang;LIU Ketian;HU Zunmin;TANG Keyi;SHI Yiyue(Jiangsu Frontier Electric Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211102,China;School of Electric Power Engineering,Nanjing Institute of Technology,Nanjing 211167,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏方天电力技术有限公司,江苏南京211102 [2]南京工程学院电力工程学院,江苏南京211167

出　　处：《热力发电》2021年第9期137-144,共8页Thermal Power Generation

基　　金：江苏方天电力技术有限公司科技项目(KJ201926)。

摘　　要：随着风电和光伏接入电网的规模不断扩大,电网负荷峰谷差逐渐增加,电网的频率控制出现超调量过大、调节速度过慢等一系列问题。本文针对互联电力系统的负荷分配以及频率控制问题,提出考虑发电机组分配系数的互联电力系统负荷频率控制方法。首先,建立单个区域包含多个火电机组的两区域电网自动发电控制(AGC)系统仿真模型,根据各发电机组的煤耗特性建立经济性目标函数,并且获得最优的出力分配系数;然后,基于联络线功率和频率偏差控制(TBC-TBC)的控制模式,采用经Ziegler-Nichols相关算法优化后的PID控制,并对优化后PID控制器的鲁棒性进行分析研究;最后,基于两区域系统仿真模型,在一定的负荷扰动工况下进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明:该分配方法能够有效节省煤耗,本文算法优化后的PID控制器在频率恢复速度方面具有一定的优势,并且鲁棒性良好。With the continuous expansion of the scale of wind power and photovoltaic access to the grid,the peakto-valley load of the grid is gradually increasing,and the frequency control of the grid has a series of problems such as excessive overshoot and slow adjustment speed.Aiming at solving the problems occur during the load distribution and frequency control of the interconnected power system,this paper proposes a load frequency control method for the interconnected power system that considers the distribution coefficient of the generator set.Firstly,a two-region power grid automatic power generation control(AGC)system simulation model containing multiple thermal power units in a single region is established,and the economic objective function is established according to the coal consumption characteristics of each generating unit,and the optimal output distribution coefficient is obtained.Then,based on the control mode of tie-line power and frequency deviation control(TBC-TBC),PID control optimized by Ziegler-Nichols related algorithms is adopted,and the robustness of the optimized PID controller is analyzed.Finally,based on a two-zone system,the simulation model is simulated and verified under certain load disturbance conditions.The simulation results show that,the allocation method can effectively save coal consumption,and the PID controller optimized by the proposed algorithm has certain advantages in frequency recovery speed,and has good robustness.

关 键 词：频率控制 经济调度 深度调峰 AGC 负荷优化分配 Ziegler-Nichols算法 PID控制 

分 类 号：TM[电气工程]