一起余热锅炉烟管裂纹事故的成因及对策  

Causes and Countermeasures of a Crack Accident of Waste Heat Boiler Smoke Tube

作　　者：刘恒 李杜伟 张井志[2] LIU Heng;LI Duwei;ZHANG Jinzhi

机构地区：[1]泰安市特种设备检验研究院 [2]山东大学热科学研究所

出　　处：《化工装备技术》2021年第4期42-45,共4页Chemical Equipment Technology

摘　　要：针对一起余热锅炉管板角焊缝的事故案例,分析了裂纹产生的原因。之前烟管更换时未采用正确的维修工艺,导致管板与烟管的焊接接头存在较大间隙,使焊缝金属在运行时产生交变热应力;在锅炉运行过程中,入口烟气温度超过额定设计温度,导致金属材质劣化;锅炉水侧严重结垢,导致了传热恶化。针对事故产生的原因,提出以下解决方案:更换烟管,并采用正确的烟管与管板安装方式;避免锅炉运行过程中的入口烟气超温;加强锅炉水质监控管理,严格控制给水硬度,避免形成水垢。In view of an accident case of a tube-sheet fillet weld of a waste heat boiler,the causes of cracks were analyzed.In the past,the correct maintenance process was not used when replacing the smoke tube,which resulted in a large gap between the welded joints of the tube sheet and the smoke tube,which caused alternating thermal stress on the weld metal during operation.During the operation of the boiler,the inlet flue gas temperature exceeded the rated design temperature,resulting in deterioration of the metal material.Serious scaling on the water side of the boiler resulted in the deterioration of heat transfer.According to the causes of the accident,the following solutions were proposed.The flue pipe needs to be replaced,and the correct installation method of the flue pipe and tube plate should be adopted.The inlet flue gas over-temperature during boiler operation should be avoided.The boiler water quality monitoring needed to be strengthened,and the hardness of the feed water was strictly controlled to avoid the formation of scale.

关 键 词：余热锅炉 裂纹 热应力 超温 事故防治 

分 类 号：TQ050.9[化学工程]