攀西与达州地区灵芝栽培气候对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Climate for Ganoderma lucidum Cultivation in Panxi and Dazhou

作　　者：罗绍艳 张利平[2] 袁玉霞 李辉 LUO Shaoyan;ZHANG Liping;YUAN Yuxia;LI Hui(Puge Meteorological Bureau of Sichuan Province,Puge 615300,China;Dazhou Meteorological Bureau of Sichuan Province,Dazhou 635000,China;Ganluo Meteorological Bureau of Sichuan Province,GanLuo 616850,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省普格县气象局,四川普格615300 [2]四川省达州市气象局,四川达州635000 [3]四川省甘洛县气象局,四川甘洛616850

出　　处：《中低纬山地气象》2021年第4期92-96,共5页Mid-low Latitude Mountain Meteorology

基　　金：高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室科技发展基金项目(省重实验室2018-重点-05-05):四川省农业气象指标体系研究。

摘　　要：根据灵芝生物学特性对气象条件的要求和栽培大棚对小气候的影响,基于气候背景对比分析了达州和攀西大棚栽培灵芝的气候条件和气象灾害。结果表明,两地区代表站年平均气温相近,4—9月气候均可经济栽培灵芝,两地都雨热同季但气候季节性差异显著;攀西为中亚热带干湿季节分明气候,夏秋气温略低较适宜大棚栽种、冬春光热优势明显但干旱较重;达州夏秋气温较高、高温热害明显,冬春气候因光热条件差难以利用。大棚栽种灵芝的气候条件总体上攀西优于达州,后者宜选址在夏季气候相对偏低的中海拔区(1000~1500 m)。生产上两地区主要生长季都需降低大棚内昼夜温差,攀西地区菌丝期(4—6月)要适当增温保湿,达州夏秋季需预防高温热害;灵芝发菌期生产安排达州宜5月、攀西宜5月中旬—6月中旬。According to the requirements of the biological characteristics of Ganoderma lucidum on meteorological conditions and the influence of the greenhouses on microclimate,the climatic conditions and meteorological disasters of ganoderma lucidum cultivation in Dazhou and Panxi were compared and analyzed based on the climatic background.The results show that the average annual temperature of the representative stations in the two regions was similar,the climate in April to September could be economically cultivated,the rain and heat in the two regions were the same season,but the climate seasonal difference was significant.Panxi is a subtropical zone with distinct dry and wet seasons.The temperature in summer and autumn is slightly lower,which is suitable for greenhouse planting.The advantage of light and heat in winter and spring is obvious,but the drought is severe.The temperature in Summer and autumn is higher in Dazhou and the heat damage of high temperature is obvious.It is difficult to use in winter and spring because of the poor photothermal conditions.The climatic conditions of ganoderma growing in greenhouses are better in Panxi than in Dazhou,and the latter should be located in the mid-altitude area with relatively low climate in summer(1000~1500 m).The temperature difference between day and night in greenhouses should be reduced in the main growing seasons of the two regions.In the mycelium period(April~June)in Panxi area,the temperature should be properly increased and the moisture should be kept wet.In summer and autumn in Da Zhou,heat damage should be prevented.Ganoderma fungus production arrangement in May,Panxi In May to the middle of June.

关 键 词：灵芝 栽培 气候背景 达州 攀西 

分 类 号：S162.5[农业科学—农业气象学]