模拟喀斯特环境下铅锌冶炼废渣重金属释放特征及生物效应  

Release characteristics and biological effects of heavy metals from lead-zinc smelting slag in simulated karst environment

作　　者：刘明凤 吴永贵[1,2,3] 李晓涵 文吉昌 LIU Mingfeng;WU Yonggui;LI Xiaohan;WEN Jichang(College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang Guizhou 550025;Institute of Applied Ecology,Guizhou University,Guiyang Guizhou 550025;Karst Environmental Ecosystem Department of Education Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Guizhou Province,Guiyang Guizhou 550025)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学应用生态研究所,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州喀斯特环境生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2021年第8期973-979,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2018YFC1802602);国家自然科学基金-贵州省联合基金资助项目(No.U1612442);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.41663009);贵州省科技厅“百”层次创新型人才培养计划项目(黔科合平台人才〔2020〕6002)。

摘　　要：为探究喀斯特环境下铅锌冶炼废渣中重金属的释放特征及其生物效应,通过动态淋滤实验,研究了在铅锌冶炼废渣中添加不同钙盐对淋滤液理化特征及生物毒性的影响。结果表明,外源添加难溶性碳酸钙可降低淋滤液的氧化还原电位(Eh),对淋滤液的pH和电导率(EC)影响则无明显规律;易溶性氯化钙能降低铅锌冶炼废渣淋滤液pH,提高淋滤液的EC,增加淋滤液的Ca、Mg浓度。不同钙盐影响下淋滤液中重金属浓度总体表现为Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd,说明Zn比其他重金属更易溶出,外源添加钙盐会促进铅锌冶炼废渣中重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd)溶出。适量浓度的钙盐能缓解淋滤液中重金属对发光细菌的毒害作用,而过高浓度钙盐的存在则会增强淋滤液对发光细菌的生物毒性。In order to explore the release characteristics and biological effects of heavy metals in lead-zinc smelting slag in karst environment,the effects of different calcium salts addition on the physical and chemical characteristics and biotoxicity of the leachates were investigated through dynamic leaching experiments.The results showed that the oxidation-reduction potential(Eh)of leachates could be reduced by adding insoluble calcium carbonate,however there was no obvious law on the pH and conductivity(EC)of the leachates.The addition of soluble calcium chloride could reduce the pH and increase the EC,Ca and Mg of the leachates.Under the influence of different calcium salts,the concentration of heavy metals in the leachates was Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd,indicating that Zn was more easily dissolved than other heavy metals.In addition,calcium salts could promote the dissolution of heavy metals(Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd)from lead-zinc smelting slag.Appropriate concentration of calcium salts could alleviate the toxic effect of heavy metals on luminescent bacteria in the leachates,while the presence of high concentration of calcium salts would enhance the biotoxicity of leachates to luminescent bacteria.

关 键 词：铅锌冶炼废渣 钙盐 淋滤 重金属 发光细菌 生物毒性 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]