川西不同产地“盐源早”核桃的品质研究及评价  

Study and Evaluation on the Quality of‘Yanyuanzao’Walnut from Different Producing Areas in Western Sichuan

作　　者：时羽杰 李晶晶 糜加轩 刘欢欢 肖玉 王芳[1] 万雪琴[1] SHI Yujie;LI Jingjing;MI Jiaxuan;LIU Huanhuan;XIAO Yu;WANG Fang;WAN Xueqin(College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,成都611130

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2021年第4期486-495,共10页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2020YFN0058)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究川西地区“盐源早”核桃在不同产地间品质差异,为深化核桃品种产业奠定理论基础。【方法】对6个产地“盐源早”的47种形态和营养指标进行比较,并采用主成分分析法对主要的22个指标进行综合评价。【结果】不同产地“盐源早”形态特征和营养成分均存在明显差异;德昌的“盐源早”三径、单果质量、种仁质量、粗脂肪含量最大,分别为38.14 mm、17.43 g、8.81 g、69.16%,与其他产地间有显著性差异(P<0.05);果尖高和蛋白质含量在各产地间差异不显著;“盐源早”中不饱和脂肪酸含量(92.42%)较高,变异系数(0.56%)较小,其中亚油酸的含量(59.59%)最高;不同产地“盐源早”均含有人体所需的17种氨基酸,包括7种必需氨基酸;除此之外,还含有较多功能性成分(黄酮、多酚、甾醇、维生素E)和矿质元素,且在各产地间均存在显著性差异;在主成分评价中,德昌“盐源早”综合评分最高(0.976),九龙评分最低(-2.310)。【结论】不同产地间同一品种核桃的表型和营养指标均存在显著性差异,且德昌的“盐源早”核桃综合品质最好,可考虑作为“盐源早”综合开发利用的主要产地,而九龙的“盐源早”核桃综合品质较差。【Objective】To explore the quality differences of the‘Yanyuanzao’walnuts in different cultivation areas in western Sichuan,so as to lay a theoretical foundation for deepening walnuts variety industry.【Method】The 47 morphological and nutritional indexes of‘Yanyuanzao’walnuts from 6 producing areas were compared,and 22 main indexes were comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis.【Result】There were significant differences in morphological characteristics and nutritional components of‘Yanyuanzao’walnuts from different producing areas.The three-diameter,single fruit weight,kernel mass and crude fat content of‘Yanyuanzao’walnuts in Dechang were the highest,which were 38.14 mm,17.43 g,8.81 g and 69.16%,respectively,which were significantly different from those from other producing areas(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in fruit tip height and protein content among different producing areas.The content of unsaturated fatty acids in‘Yanyuanzao’(92.42%)is high,and the coefficient of variation(0.56%)is small,among which the content of linoleic acid(59.59%)is the highest.‘Yanyuanzao’walnuts from different areas all contain 17 kinds of amino acids needed by human body,including 7 essential amino acids.In addition,they also contains plenty of functional components(flavonoids,polyphenols,sterols,vitamin E)and mineral elements,and there are significant differences among different producing areas.In the principal component evaluation,the comprehensive score of‘Dechang’s walnuts was the highest(0.976),while the score of Jiulong's walnuts was the lowest(-2.310).【Conclusion】There were significant differences in morphological and nutritional indexes of the same variety of walnuts from different producing areas,and the comprehensive quality of‘Yanyuanzao’walnuts in Dechang was the best,which could be considered as the main producing area for comprehensive development and utilization of‘Yanyuanzao’walnuts,while the comprehensive quality of‘Yanyuanzao’wal

关 键 词：川西 盐源早 核桃 品质特征 综合分析 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]