Evaluating the impact of targeting livestock for the prevention of human and animal trypanosomiasis,at village level,in districts newly affected with T.b.rhodesiense in Uganda  

作　　者：Louise Hamill Kim Picozzi Jenna Fyfe Beatrix von Wissmann Sally Wastling Nicola Wardrop Richard Selby Christine Amongi Acup Kevin L.Bardosh Dennis Muhanguzi John D.Kabasa Charles Waiswa Susan C.Welburn 

机构地区：[1]Edinburgh Infectious Diseases,Division of Infection and Pathway Medicine,Edinburgh Medical School:Biomedical Sciences,The University of Edinburgh,Chancellor’s Building,49 Little France Crescent,Edinburgh EH164SB,UK [2]Department of Pharmacy,Clinical and Comparative Medicine,School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources,Makerere University,P.O.Box 7062,Kampala,Uganda [3]The Coordinating Office for Control of Trypanosomiasis in Uganda(COCTU),Wandegeya,Plot 76/78 Buganda Road,P.O.Box 16345,Kampala,Uganda

出　　处：《Infectious Diseases of Poverty》2017年第1期128-139,共12页贫困所致传染病（英文）

基　　金：This study was funded with UK aid from the UK government’under the DfID Research into Use Programme(SCW,LH,KP,KP,KLB,CW,JDK)and from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program(FP7/2007-2014)under grant agreement n°221948 Integrated Control of Neglected Zoonoses(ICONZ)(SCW,KP,KLB,CW,JDK);Treatment of village cattle was undertaken under the Stamp Out Sleeping Sickness Programme supported by IKARE and Ceva Sante Animale;The funders had no role in study design,data collection and analysis,decision to publish,or preparation of the manuscript.

摘　　要：Background:Uganda has suffered from a series of epidemics of Human African Trypanosomiasis(HAT),a tsetse transmitted disease,also known as sleeping sickness.The area affected by acute Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense HAT(rHAT)has been expanding,driven by importation of infected cattle into regions previously free of the disease.These regions are also affected by African Animal Trypanosomiasis(AAT)demanding a strategy for integrated disease control.Methods:In 2008,the Public Private Partnership,Stamp Out Sleeping Sickness(SOS)administered a single dose of trypanocide to 31486 head of cattle in 29 parishes in Dokolo and Kaberamaido districts.This study examines the impact of this intervention on the prevalence of rHAT and AAT trypanosomes in cattle from villages that had(HAT^(+ve))or had not(HAT^(-ve))experienced a recent case of rHAT.Cattle herds from 20 villages were sampled and screened by PCR,pre-intervention and 6-months post-intervention,for the presence or absence of:Trypanosoma brucei s.l.;human infective T.b.rhodesiense;Trypanosoma vivax;and Trypanosoma congolense savannah.Results:Post-intervention,there was a significant decrease in the prevalence of T.brucei s.l.and the human infective sub-species T.b.rhodesiense in village cattle across all 20 villages.The prevalence of T.b.rhodesiense was reduced from 2.4%to 0.74%(P<0.0001),with the intervention showing greater impact in HAT^(-ve) villages.The number of villages containing cattle harbouring human infective parasites decreased from 15/20 to 8/20,with T.b.rhodesiense infection mainly persisting within cattle in HAT^(+ve) villages(six/eight).The proportion of T.brucei s.l.infections identified as human infective T.b.rhodesiense decreased after the intervention from 8.3%(95%CI=11.1-5.9%)to 4.1%(95%CI=6.8-2.3%).Villages that had experienced a recent human case(HAT^(+ve) villages)showed a significantly higher prevalence for AAT both pre-and post-intervention.For AAT the prevalence of T.vivax was significantly reduced from 5.9%to 0.05%post-intervention while th

关 键 词：African animal trypanosomiasis(AAT) Human African trypanosomiasis(HAT) Sleeping sickness Trypanosma brucei rhodesiense HAT(rHAT) Uganda T.b.brucei T.b.rhodesiense 

分 类 号：S82[农业科学—畜牧学]