用于氧还原反应的碳基负载金属单原子催化剂研究进展  

Research Progress of Carbon-supported Metal Single Atom Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

作　　者：郝策[1] 刘自若 刘炜[1] 史彦涛[1] HAO Ce;LIU Ziruo;LIU Wei;SHI Yantao(State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,Department of Chemistry,School of Chemical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学化工学院化学系,精细化工国家重点实验室,大连116024

出　　处：《无机材料学报》2021年第8期820-834,共15页Journal of Inorganic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21677029)。

摘　　要：燃料电池能够将化学能转化为电能,是一种绿色高效的能量转换装置,但是受到阴极氧还原反应(ORR)动力学迟缓的限制,燃料电池需要使用Pt等贵金属作为催化剂,这就导致其成本显著增加。碳基负载单原子催化剂(C-SACs)展现出高原子利用率和高选择性等优异性能。另外,C-SACs在不同pH环境下都显示出优异的ORR催化活性,被视为贵金属催化剂的经济替代品。本文介绍了近年来提升C-SACs的ORR催化性能的策略,包括选择不同种类的金属中心原子,调控金属中心的配位结构以及对载体进行杂原子掺杂。同时介绍了这些C-SACs在旋转盘电极和电池器件中的性能。最后对C-SACs在实际应用中的可行性以及潜在的挑战进行了展望和总结。Fuel cells are highly efficient and green devices for direct chemical-to-electrical energy conversion.However,limited by slow kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in cathode,fuel cells require catalysts with noble metal like Pt,thus significantly increasing the cost of the fuel cells.Carbon-supported metal single atom catalysts(C-SACs)have excellent properties such as high atom utilization efficiency and selectivity.In addition,C-SACs show high ORR activity under different pH conditions,hence have been recognized as economical candidates to replace noble metal in fuel cells.This article reviewed the strategies used to improve ORR activity of C-SACs,including selecting different kinds of metal single atoms,tailoring coordination structure of metal centers,and heteroatomic doping to substrate.Performances of C-SACs in rotating disk electrode or battery device are also introduced.At last,the feasibility and potential challenges of C-SACs in practical application are prospected and summarized.

关 键 词：单原子催化剂 氧还原反应 配位环境 杂原子掺杂 综述 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学]