选区激光熔化成型4Cr5MoSiV1钢的组织与性能优化  

Optimization of Microstructure and Properties of 4Cr5MoSiV1 Steel Formed by Selective Laser Melting

作　　者：陈帅 陶凤和 贾长治 孙河洋 CHEN Shuai;TAO Fenghe;JIA Changzhi;SUN Heyang(Artillery Engineering Department,Shijiazhuang Branch,Army Engineering University of PLA,Shijiazhuang 050003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军陆军工程大学石家庄校区火炮工程系,石家庄050003

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第16期16126-16132,共7页Materials Reports

摘　　要：为优化选区激光熔化成型4Cr5MoSiV1钢的组织和性能,研究了支撑结构和激光重熔对4Cr5MoSiV1钢试样表面形貌、显微组织、显微硬度和拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:细晶强化作用、固溶强化作用、析出强化作用和冶金质量的增加可提高试样的力学性能,且冶金质量对力学性能的影响程度较高。SLM成型4Cr5MoSiV1钢试样的抗拉强度为948.6 MPa、断后伸长率为9.3%、顶部表面显微硬度为578.2HV、底部表面显微硬度为560.4HV。支撑结构X/Y间距的减小可增加支撑结构数量、提高支撑作用、增强导热能力,其细晶强化、固溶强化作用和冶金质量增加,力学性能提高。设计切割间距对试样的力学性能影响较小,但支撑去除难度降低。激光边界重熔对试样的力学性能影响较小,而经激光表面重熔后试样的晶粒粗化、晶粒内第二相析出物增多,飞溅颗粒、黑烟颗粒和孔隙缺陷基本消失,力学性能明显提高,其抗拉强度为1387.2 MPa,断后伸长率为14.6%,顶部表面显微硬度为632.4HV,底部表面显微硬度为608.4HV。In order to optimize the microstructure and properties of 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel formed by selective laser melting technology,the effects of support structure and laser remelting on the morphology,microstructure,microhardness and tensile properties of 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel were studied.The results show that mechanical properties of the samples can be improved by fine grain strengthening,solution strengthening,precipitation strengthening and metallurgical quality increasing,and the metallurgical quality has a higher influence on the mechanical properties.The tensile strength,elongation after fracture,microhardness of top surface and bottom surface of 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel are 948.6 MPa,9.3%,578.2HV and 560.4HV respectively.The reduction of X/Y spacing of the support structure can increase the number of support structures,improve the support function,enhance the thermal conductivity,and increase the fine grain strengthening,solution strengthening and metallurgical quality of the samples,so the mechanical properties of the samples are improved.Cutting distance has little effect on the mechanical properties of the samples,but the difficulty of support removal is reduced.The effect of laser boundary remelting on the mechanical properties of the sample is small.After laser surface remelting,the grain coarsening and the second phase precipitation in the grain increase,the splashing particles,black smoke particles and pore defects basically disappear,and the mechanical properties of samples are significantly improved.The tensile strength,elongation after fracture,microhardness of top surface and bottom surface are 1387.2 MPa,14.6%,632.4HV and 608.4HV respectively.

关 键 词：选区激光熔化 4CR5MOSIV1钢 支撑结构 激光重熔 显微组织 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]