2013—2018年上海市闵行区高温中暑与高温热浪的关系  

Epidemiological characteristics of heat stroke and its relationship with high temperature and heat wave in Minhang District of Shanghai in 2013-2018

作　　者：陈丽 宫志敏[2] 应圣洁[2] 顾怡勤 CHEN Li;GONG Zhi-min;YING Sheng-jie;GU Yi-qin(Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai 200233,China;Shanghai Minhang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201101,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属第六人民医院,上海200233 [2]上海市闵行区疾病预防控制中心,上海201101

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2021年第8期726-731,共6页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：【目的】了解2013—2018年上海市闵行区高温中暑病例的流行病学特征,探讨高温中暑与高温热浪的关系,为制订预防和控制措施提供依据。【方法】收集2013—2018年上海市闵行区高温月期间气温数据和高温中暑个案信息进行统计学分析。【结果】6年间共监测中暑病例101例,集中分布于6—8月,男性多于女性,其中51.5%(52/101)为重症中暑,40~59岁、≥60岁人群重症中暑发生比例均显著高于<40岁人群。重症中暑人数与日最高气温、日最低气温均呈显著正相关,轻症中暑人数与日最高气温呈正相关(P<0.05)。识别出的15个热浪期间共报告病例86人,占当年病例总数均>50%,对于2个可识别风险的热浪段,热浪期间病例发生风险均出现显著增加。【结论】上海市夏季高温形势严峻,男性、老年人群是高温中暑防控的重点对象。中暑主要集中于7—8月,高温日、尤其是热浪期是中暑防控的重点时期。除须关注日最高气温对中暑的影响,日最低气温对重症中暑的影响同样不容忽视。[Objective]To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of heat stroke cases in Minhang District of Shanghai in 2013-2018 and to explore potential risk factors,so as to provide the evidence for making the preventive and control measures.[Methods]Meteorological parameters and heat stroke cases during May-September were included for statistical analysis.[Results]A total of 101 heat stroke cases were studied,in which the majority occurred during June-August.Male cases were more than female cases and 51.5%(52/101)of the cases were severe cases.The incidence of severe heat stroke in people aged 40-59,and 60 and over was significantly higher than that in people under 40 years old.The number of people with severe heat stroke was positively correlated with daily maximum temperature and daily minimum temperature,whereas the number of mild heat stroke was only positively correlated with daily maximum temperature.More than half of total cases(86 cases)were documented in 15 heat wave periods,two of which had significantly increased risk.[Conclusion]High temperature in summer is dangerous in Minhang District of Shanghai.Men and older people are susceptible to heat stroke,which occurs mainly in the period of high temperature in July and August.The period of daily highest temperature≥35℃,especially during continual high temperature,is the key stage for heat stroke prevention.In addition to focusing on the effect of daily maximum temperature on heat stroke,the effect of daily minimum temperature on severe heat stroke should be considered.

关 键 词：高温 热浪 中暑 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学]