印度外国直接投资法律制度的变化与中国应对  

The Change of India's Foreign Direct Investment Legal System and China's Response

作　　者：杨翠柏[1] 张雪娇[1] Yang Cuibai;Zhang Xuejiao

机构地区：[1]四川大学法学院

出　　处：《南亚研究季刊》2021年第2期60-78,157,共20页South Asian Studies Quarterly

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“‘一带一路’倡议与中国对南亚投资法律风险防控研究”(课题编号:17XFX014);四川医事卫生法治研究中心科研项目“重大疫情中的公民权利保障与限制”(课题编号:YF20-Q02)阶段性研究成果之一。

摘　　要：近年来,印度不断制定、修改其外国直接投资法律制度,以促进外商投资的自由化和便利化、改善印度营商环境。实际上,由于对国家利益的过度强调,印度投资法律制度的变化已背离了其改革初衷,偏向性地强调国家管制权而忽视了对投资者合法权益的保护。究其本质,系激进的“国家中心主义”和保护主义的制度外化,导致印度扩大解释和滥用“国家安全”和“公共利益”,对投资者采取武断性的不利措施,并对国际投资条约和投资仲裁采取日益保守甚至排除的态度。印度投资法律制度的变化也对中国投资者造成诸多不利影响,加上印度出于中印特殊地缘政治考量,为中国投资者“量身定制”的针对性、歧视性制度,导致中国投资者在印投资面临结构性难题。对此,我国必须保持对印度投资法律制度变化的敏感性、警惕性,积极采取有效应对措施。In recent yearss,India has been formulating and revising its foreign direct investment legal system to promote the liberalization and facilitation of foreign investment and improve its business environment.Due to the emphasis on national interests,the changes of India's investment legal system have deviated from the original intention of the reform,preferentially emphasizing the state control power and ignoring the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of investors.However,it is the radical“state centralism”and the externalization of protectionism,which leads to India's expanding interpretation and abuse of“national security”and“public interest”,taking arbitrary adverse measures against investors,and increasingly conservative or even excluded from international investment treaties and investment arbitration.At the same time,the changes in India's investment legal system have also caused many adverse effects on Chinese investors.In addition,India's targeted and discriminatory system“tailored”for Chinese investors out of the special geopolitical considerations of the two countries has led to greater structural problems for Chinese investors to invest in India.In this regard,China must maintain sensitivity and vigilance to the changes of India's investment legal system,and actively take effective measures.

关 键 词：印度 投资法律制度 国家安全 公共利益 投资条约 

分 类 号：D935.1[政治法律—法学] D912.29