北京市噪声作业工人双耳高频听力损失危害现状  

Current status of high frequency hearing loss of workers exposed to noise in Beijing

作　　者：叶研[1] 胡丽[1] 胡在方[2] 李海月[1] 赵永梅[3] 王姿欢[1] 于贵新[1] 孙立庚 李爱华[1] 沈壮[1] YE Yan;HU Li;HU Zai-fang;LI Hai-yue;ZHAO Yong-mei;WANG Zi-huan;YU Gui-xin;SUN Li-geng;LI Ai-hua;SHEN Zhuang(Beijing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control/Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine,Beijing 100020,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心/北京市预防医学研究中心,100020 [2]北京市顺义区疾病预防控制中心 [3]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2021年第3期172-175,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的分析北京市噪声作业工人双耳高频平均听阈情况,为职业性噪声聋的防控提供依据。方法通过职业病与健康危害因素监测信息系统收集2020年北京市在岗噪声作业工人职业健康检查资料,采用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计学分析。结果31987名噪声作业工人中检出双耳高频平均听阈异常1907人,异常率为5.96%。不同性别、年龄、工龄、地区、企业规模、经济类型及行业类别的噪声作业工人双耳高频平均听阈异常检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。男性(6.72%)高于女性(1.69%);郊区(6.35%)高于城区(5.13%);微型企业(15.38%)高于其他规模的企业;内资企业(7.12%)和港澳台商投资企业(6.02%)高于外商投资企业(3.79%);不同行业相比,采矿业(9.26%)异常检出率高于其他行业。结论北京市噪声作业工人双耳高频听阈异常检出率总体较低,但仍应加强对郊区、微型企业、内资企业的监督管理,加强高年龄、长工龄及男性工人的个人防护和健康宣教。Objective To investigate the status of high frequency hearing loss among noise-exposed workers in Beijing and to provide reference for prevention and control of occupational noise deafness.Methods Information on occupational health examination of noise-exposed workers in Beijing in 2020 was collected through the occupational disease and occupational health information monitoring system.Data was statistically analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software.Results Among 31987 noiseexposed workers,1907 workers had the result of binaural high frequency average hearing threshold abnormalities with a detection rate of 5.96%.There were statistically significant differences in the abnormal detection rate of high frequency average hearing threshold among different genders,ages,length of service,regions,enterprise size,economic types and industry types(P<0.01).The abnormal detection rate of male(6.72%)was higher than that of female(1.69%);the abnormal detection rate in suburban areas(6.35%)was higher than that in urban areas(5.13%);the abnormal detection rate of micro enterprises(15.38%)was higher than that of other enterprises;and the abnormal detection rate of domestic enterprises(7.12%)and Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan investment enterprises(6.02%)was higher than that of foreign-invested enterprises(3.79%).Compared with different industries,mining enterprises(9.26%)had the highest abnormal detection rate than in other industries.Conclusions The prevalence of binaural high frequency average hearing threshold abnormalities among noiseworkers in Beijing is lower than other part of China,but the risk should still be concerned.The supervision and management of suburban enterprises,micro enterprises and domestic enterprises should be strengthened.Enterprise should strengthen the health education and personal protection especially for older,longer working age and male worker.

关 键 词：噪声 双耳高频平均听阈 职业健康检查 

分 类 号：R135.8[医药卫生—劳动卫生]