减压渣油及其四组分在接触剂上的裂化反应规律  

Thermal Cracking Reactions of Vacuum Residue and Their SARA Fractions on Contact Agent

作　　者：侯小敏 汪燮卿[1] HOU Xiaomin;WANG Xieqing(Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油化工科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2021年第5期1138-1144,共7页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司项目(ST16041-2)资助。

摘　　要：以减压渣油为原料,采用热解色谱和热重-质谱,考察了减压渣油及其四组分(饱和分、芳香分、胶质和沥青质)在惰性接触剂LHBK和酸性接触剂C上的裂化反应。结果表明:四组分在有孔无酸剂LHBK上裂化程度由强到弱的顺序为胶质、沥青质、芳香分、饱和分,在有孔有酸剂C上裂化程度由强到弱的顺序为饱和分、芳香分、胶质≈沥青质。四组分在2种接触剂上缩合反应生成的积炭均比减压渣油在接触剂上缩合反应生成的积炭具有更低的H/C摩尔比;接触剂的酸性明显促进了四组分的裂化,C_(20-)馏分产率明显增加;且增加了减压渣油裂化反应的生焦率,增加部分主要来自芳香分和胶质的催化裂化生焦。说明接触剂的酸性能促进饱和分C—C键、芳香分侧链C—C键断裂以及胶质和沥青质中键能较低的键断裂。Thermal cracking of vacuum residues and their SARA fractions on porous acid-free agent LHBK and porous acid agent C were investigated with using pyrolysis chromatograph and thermogravimetry-mass spectrometer.It was found that the sequence of SARA fractions cracking on contact agent LHBK from easy to difficult is resins,asphaltenes,aromatics,saturates,but the sequence of SARA fractions cracking on agent C from easy to difficult is saturates,aromatics,resins≈asphaltenes.In addition,it can be noticed that coke produced from condensation reactions of SARA fractions on contact agents has a lower H/C molar ratio than that from vacuum residues.Acidity of contact agent can promote SARA fractions cracking,and thus the yield of C_(20-)fraction can significantly improve.However,acidity of contact agent also can result in higher coke yield due to catalytic coking of aromatics and resins.Acidity of contact agent can cause breaking reactions of C—C bonds in saturates,side-chain C—C bonds in aromatics,and also some weak bonds in resins and asphaltenes.

关 键 词：减压渣油 四组分 接触剂 裂化 

分 类 号：TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]