广义马铃苣苔属的生物地理格局与花部演化  

Biogeographical patterns and floral evolution of Oreocharis(Gesneriaceae)

作　　者：金璇 凌少军 温放[2,3] 任明迅 Jin Xuan;Ling Shao-Jun;Wen Fang;Ren Ming-Xun(Center for Terrestrial Biodiversity of the South China Sea,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;National Gesneriaceae Germplasm Bank of GXIB,Gesneriad Committee of CWPCA,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guilin 541006,China;Gesneriad Conservation Centre of China,Guangxi Institute of Botany,Guilin 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学环南海陆域生物多样性研究中心,海口570228 [2]广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所国家苦苣苔科种质资源库,中国野生植物保护协会苦苣苔专业委员会,广西喀斯特植物保育与恢复生态学重点实验室,广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,桂林541006 [3]中国苦苣苔科植物保育中心,中国科学院桂林植物园,桂林541006

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2021年第4期379-388,共10页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：海南热带雨林国家公园综合科考项目(HD-KYH-2020008);国家自然科学基金项目(41871041);广西科技计划(桂科AD20159091);第21批广西“十百千”人才工程第二层次人选支持项目;海南省普通高等学校研究生创新科研课题(Hyb2019-06)。

摘　　要：本文系统总结了广义马铃苣苔属(Oreocharis)的地理分布范围和花部特征,利用核基因ITS1、ITS2和叶绿体基因trnL-trnF重建广义马铃苣苔属主要物种的分子系统关系,并结合花部特征和地理分布特点分析花部特征的适应性与演化规率。结果显示:广义马铃苣苔属可分为两个支系,一个支系主要分布于中国西南地区,以黄色花冠、雄蕊4为主;另一个支系则集中分布于中国南部与东南部区域,以紫色花冠为主,并出现了雄蕊2的特化类群。广义马铃苣苔属花冠发生了两侧对称向辐射对称的演化。海南岛分布的所有4个物种都是该岛的特有种,来源于一个共同祖先(可能是花冠亮黄色、花辐射对称),后期逐渐出现花冠橙红色、两侧对称等性状。高山深谷的地理隔离作用、不同生境的隔离作用以及以不同蜂类传粉者类群的趋异选择是马铃苣苔属物种花部特征多样性演化的主要原因。We examined the geographical distribution ranges and floral traits of Oreocharis and used nuclear ITS1,ITS2 and chloroplast trnL-trnF sequences of 58 Oreocharis species to construct a phylogenetic tree.We then analyzed the adaptation and evolution of floral traits based on the above data.Results showed the Oreocharis could be separated into two clades.Clade A was mainly distributed in Southwest China and predominantly showed yellow corollas with four stamens;Clade B was mainly distributed in South and Southeast China and predominantly showed purple corollas,with several species evolving two stamens.Corolla evolution from zygomorphy to actinomorphy was also detected.All four Hainan-endemic Oreocharis taxa originated from a common ancestor with bright yellow and radial corollas,later evolving orange and bilateral corollas.Geographical isolation,soil heterogeneity,and divergent selection on diverse bee pollinators were identified as key factors in the evolution and diversity of floral traits in Oreocharis.

关 键 词：长蒴苣苔亚科 马铃苣苔属 物种多样性 花部综合特征 传粉 适应演化 

分 类 号：Q949.778.4[生物学—植物学]