BOM熔铸炸药的制备与性能  

Preparation and Performance of BOM Melt Cast Explosive

作　　者：巨荣辉[1] 罗一鸣[1,2] 王晓峰 蒋秋黎[1] 张蒙蒙[1] 周彦水[1] 毕福强[1] JU Rong-hui;LUO Yi-ming;WANG Xiao-feng;JIANG Qiu-li;ZHANG Meng-meng;ZHOU Yan-shui;BI Fu-qiang(Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi′an 710065,China;Rocket Force University of Engineering,Xi′an 710025,China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065 [2]火箭军工程大学,陕西西安710025

出　　处：《含能材料》2021年第9期781-789,I0004,共10页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金支持(12002266)。

摘　　要：为了研究熔铸炸药3,3′⁃联(1,2,4⁃噁二唑)⁃5,5′⁃二甲硝酸酯(BOM)的性能,采用熔铸工艺制备了熔铸试样,测试了熔铸试样的爆速;通过热分解和恒温试验研究了BOM的熔铸工艺热安全性,采用宏观凝固成型和微观凝固结晶试验研究了BOM的凝固性能,采用抗压和抗拉试验研究了BOM铸件的力学性能;通过爆轰性能计算研究了BOM/HMX/Al熔铸炸药体系的爆速和爆热性能。结果表明,BOM自然凝固成型密度为1.726 g·cm^(-3),实测爆速为7679 m·s^(-1)。BOM分解峰温为213.8℃,计算热爆炸临界温度为190.7℃,恒温加热未见变色发烟,显示良好的熔铸工艺热安全性。BOM凝固缺陷集中于铸件顶部补缩区,自然凝固体积收缩率15.7%,成型密度为理论密度的94.7%,凝固成型性能良好。铸件抗压强度6.21 MPa,抗拉强度1.89 MPa。在BOM/HMX/Al熔铸炸药体系中,爆速随着Al含量的增加线性降低。Al含量低于24%时,爆热随着Al含量的增加逐步提高。Al含量大于24%时,爆热与配方中BOM和HMX的配比相关,可调节体系中BOM与HMX的配比以满足配方最佳的铝氧比。In order to study the performance of 3,3′⁃bi(1,2,4⁃oxadiazole)⁃5,5′⁃diylbis(methylene)dinitrate(BOM),the sample was prepared by using the melting casting process and its the detonation velocity was measured.The thermal safety of the BOM casting process was studied by the thermal decomposition and constant temperature test.The solidification properties of BOM were studied by macroscopic solidification molding and microscopic solidification crystallization test.The mechanical properties of the BOM casting were studied by compressive and tensile tests.The detonation velocity and detonation heat properties of BOM/HMX/Al melt⁃cast explosive system were analyzed by detonation performance calculation.The results show that the natu⁃ral solidification density of BOM is 1.726 g·cm^(-3) and the detonation velocity is 7679 m·s^(-1).The peak temperature of BOM de⁃composition is 213.8℃,and the calculated critical temperature of thermal explosion is 190.7℃.There is no discoloration and smoke during the constant temperature heating,which shows satisfactory thermal safety of the melt⁃casting process.The solidifi⁃cation defects of BOM were concentrated in the feeding area at the top of the casting,The volume shrinkage rate of natural solid⁃ification was 15.7%,and the forming density was 94.7%of the theoretical density,indicating good solidification and forming performance.The compressive strength of the casting is 6.21 MPa and the tensile strength is 1.89 MPa.In the BOM/HMX/Al melt⁃cast explosive system,the detonation velocity decreases linearly with the increase of Al content.When the Al content is less than 24%,the detonation heat increases gradually with the increase of Al content.When the Al content is more than 24%,the detonation heat is related to the ratio of BOM and HMX in the formula,and the ratio of BOM and HMX system needs to be ad⁃justed to meet the optimal Al/O ratio of the formula.

关 键 词：3 3’-联(1 2 4-噁二唑)-5 5’-二甲硝酸酯(BOM) 熔铸炸药 热安全性 凝固性能 力学性能 能量性能 

分 类 号：TQ56[化学工程—炸药化工] O69[理学—化学]