传统村落与民居气候适应性研究——以东阳横塘村为例  

Research on the Climate Adaptability of Traditional Villages and Houses:A Case Study of Hengtang Village in Dongyang City

作　　者：郭卫宏[1] 王新宇 张贵彬 李闻文 GUO Weihong;WANG Xinyu;ZHANG Guibin;LI Wenwen

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院 [2]汕头大学工学院 [3]清华大学建筑学院

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2021年第4期134-140,共7页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0702505);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51678239)。

摘　　要：东阳地区传统村落与民居在长期的发展过程中逐步适应地域气候条件,形成了以"十三间头"作为典型单元的独特建筑文化。研究选取六石街道横塘村为例,在文献史料与现场测绘的基础上,结合软件模拟与实地测试,从村落规划和民居单体两个层面分析总结其在适应本土气候方面的空间特征与构造措施,为现代绿色乡村规划与建筑设计提供有价值的方法和思路。Chinese traditional villages and dwellings have a long history and a wide range of distribution.In the long-term development process,affected by the regional environment,climate characteristics,human history and other factors,they have formed a variety of residential types.Dongyang City,in the middle of Zhejiang Province,has been the hometown of architecture since ancient times,with many construction craftsmen and excellent construction skills.The traditional villages are often composed of"thirteen rooms"as a typical unit,emphasizing the integration of the village with the surrounding environment and natural scenery.At the same time,Dongyang is located in the subtropical monsoon climate zone,with high temperature and rainy in summer and cold and dry in winter.Measures such as heat protection,rain protection,moisture protection,ventilation,and wind protection are taken to prevent the indoor temperature from being too high and humid,which will affect the living environment quality of residents.Taking Hengtang Village,Liushi Street,a typical traditional village in Jinyang City as an example,this study restored the layout mode of the village by consulting historical data and field mapping,and established envi-met calculation model to simulate the wind speed,temperature and humidity of the important nodes of the village.In this paper,a typical type of three-section compound residential building,"thirteen rooms",is selected to establish a Phenix calculation model to simulate the actual indoor ventilation of traditional residential houses.The wind speed,temperature and humidity of the village lane and important public space were recorded by on-site instrument measurements.Based on the measured,simulated and measured data,this paper discusses the climate adaptability strategy of the traditional construction methods of Dongyang residential buildings from aspects of the village planning and residential houses.First of all,through the research and analysis of the location and orientation,roadway and vents,water system and v

关 键 词：气候适应性 村落规划 民居单体 十三间头 东阳地区 

分 类 号：TU119[建筑科学—建筑理论]