不同储存时间小麦在生长猪上的营养价值评定  

Nutritional Value Evaluation of Wheat Stored under Different Time for Growing Pigs

作　　者：董文轩 张刚 赵金标[1] 李忠超[1] 丑有财 臧建军[1] 李习龙[3] 倪寿清[4] 刘岭[1] DONG Wenxuan;ZHANG Gang;ZHAO Jinbiao;LI Zhongchao;CHOU Youcai;ZANG Jianjun;LI Xilong;NI Shouqing;LIU Ling(Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Center,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Daxinganling Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Daxinganling 165000,China;Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Feed Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,动物营养学国家重点实验室,农业农村部饲料工业中心,北京100193 [2]大兴安岭农林科学院,大兴安岭165000 [3]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,农业农村部饲料生物技术重点实验室,北京100081 [4]山东大学环境科学与工程学院,青岛266237

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第8期4384-4394,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：博士后创新人才支持计划(BX20200365);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY020308)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同储存时间小麦在猪上的消化能和营养物质消化率。试验于2016年在河北省国家粮仓分别采集2012、2013、2014、2015和2016年收获的小麦样品。试验1:选取30头初始体重为(45.2±1.5)kg杜×长×大三元杂交健康去势公猪,采用全收粪法测定5个小麦样品的消化能和营养物质表观全肠道消化率。试验2:选用6头初始体重为(32.6±1.2)kg装有简单T型瘘管的杜×长×大三元杂交健康去势公猪,采用6×6拉丁方试验设计,测定5个小麦样品中氨基酸的表观和标准回肠消化率以及淀粉的表观回肠消化率。结果表明:储存时间显著影响小麦的消化能以及总能、粗蛋白质和中性洗涤纤维表观全肠道消化率(P<0.05)。2012—2016年小麦对生长猪的消化能分别为14.16、14.11、14.06、14.43和14.06 MJ/kg。2015年小麦的消化能以及总能和中性洗涤纤维表观全肠道消化率显著高于其他年份小麦(P<0.05),2015年小麦的粗蛋白质表观全肠道消化率显著高于2014和2016年小麦(P<0.05)。从氨基酸表观和标准回肠消化率来看,2015年小麦多种氨基酸的表观和标准回肠消化率均处在较高水平。综上可知,以河北省国家粮仓储存的小麦为研究对象,储存1年后对于生长猪的营养价值最佳,其后随储存时间延长,小麦的营养价值降低。The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different storage time on digestible energy(DE)and nutrient digestibility of wheat for growing pigs.Five wheat samples stored in the national granary of Hebei province were collected at 2016,which were harvested at 2012,2013,2014,2015 and 2016,respectively.In experiment 1,a total of 30 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshine(DLY)barrows were used to determine the DE,and nutrient apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)using total collection method.In experiment 2,a total of 6 DLY barrows with simple T fistula were allocated in a 6×6 Latin square design to determine apparent ileal digestibility(AID)and standardized ileal digestibility(SID)of amino acids as well as AID of starch.The results showed that storage time had significant effect on DE and the ATTD of gross energy,crude protein and neutral detergent fiber of wheat(P<0.05).The DE of wheat harvested at 2012,2013,2014,2015 and 2016 for growing pigs was 14.16,14.11,14.06,14.43 and 14.06 MJ/kg,respectively.The DE and the ATTD of gross energy and neutral detergent fiber of wheat harvested at 2015 were significantly higher than those of wheat harvested at other years(P<0.05),and the ATTD of crude protein of wheat harvested at 2016 was significantly higher than that of wheat harvested at 2014 and 2016(P<0.05).From the view of the AID and SID of amino acids,several amino acids had higher AID and SID of wheat harvested at 2015.Taking the wheat stored in the national granary of Hebei province as the research object,the wheat has the best nutritional value on growing pigs after one year of storage,and the nutritional value of wheat decreased with the increase of storage time.

关 键 词：陈化小麦 消化能 氨基酸消化率 生长猪 储存年份 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]