长时期饲喂杂粕型饲粮对蛋鸭产蛋性能、生殖器官及卵巢激素受体mRNA表达水平的影响  

Effects of Long-Term Feeding Mixed Meal Diet on LayingPerformance, Reproductive Organs and Ovarian HormoneReceptor mRNA Expression Level of Laying Ducks

作　　者：黄雪冰 张罕星 李凯潮 王爽 夏伟光 张亚男 王胜林 林映才 陈伟 郑春田 HUANG Xuebing;ZHANG Hanxing;LI Kaichao;WANG Shuang;XIA Weiguang;ZHANG Yanan;WANG Shenglin;LIN Yingcai;CHEN Wei;ZHENG Chuntian(Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,畜禽育种国家重点实验室,农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室,广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第8期4438-4447,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFE0128200,2018YFD0501504);国家水禽产业技术体系(CARS-42-13);广东省水禽产业技术创新团队(2019KJ137);科技部外专局项目(QNL20200130001);广州市科技计划重点项目(201904020001);广东省科技计划项目(2019A050505007);广东省农业科学院科技计划项目(R2017PY-QY008,202106TD)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探讨长时期饲喂杂粕型饲粮对蛋鸭产蛋性能、生殖器官及卵巢激素受体mRNA表达水平的影响,为蛋鸭生产中合理应用杂粕提供参考。试验选用19周龄龙岩麻鸭360只,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复30只鸭。豆粕组饲喂豆粕型饲粮,杂粕组饲喂不同杂粕型饲粮[含有9%棉籽粕、9%菜籽粕、9%玉米干酒糟及其可溶物(DDGS)、10%木薯干],试验期12个月。结果表明:1)饲喂杂粕饲粮的蛋鸭平均产蛋率显著低于豆粕组(P<0.05),尤其在换羽期显著低于豆粕组(P<0.05)。2)饲喂杂粕长达12个月可造成蛋鸭生殖器官(卵巢和输卵管)损伤,并破坏优势卵泡完整性,卵泡变形破裂,局部退化萎缩。3)长时期饲喂杂粕型饲粮后棉酚主要在蛋鸭肝脏中残留,其次是肾脏、卵巢、输卵管和小肠。4)杂粕组蛋鸭卵巢中促卵泡激素受体(FSHR)和黄体生成素受体(LHR)mRNA相对表达量显著低于豆粕组(P<0.05),雌激素受体(ER1)mRNA相对表达量有下降趋势(P=0.080)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,饲喂杂粕型饲粮12个月可导致蛋鸭生殖器官损伤,产蛋性能下降。因此,生产中蛋鸭不宜长时期饲喂杂粕型饲粮。The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of long-term feeding mixed meal diet on laying performance,reproductive organs and ovarian hormone receptor mRNA expression level of laying ducks,thereby providing reference for the rational use of mixed meal in laying duck production.A total of 360 Long yan ducks aged 19 weeks were randomly divided into two groups with 6 replicates in each group and 30 ducks in each replicate.Ducks in the soybean meal group were fed a soybean meal diet,and those in the mixed meal group were fed a mixed meal diet(9%cottonseed meal,9%rapeseed meal,9%corn distillers dried grains with solubles,10%cassava)for 12 months.The results showed as follows:1)the laying performance of laying ducks fed mixed meal diet was significantly lower than that in soybean meal group(P<0.05),especially during the molting period(P<0.05).2)Feeding mixed meal diet for 12 months could cause damage of reproductive organs(ovary and oviduct),impaired the integrity of dominant follicles,rupture follicles,local degeneration and atrophy.3)Gossypol was mainly deposited in liver,kidney,ovary,oviduct and small intestine of laying ducks after long-term feeding.4)The relative expression levels of follicular stimulating hormone receptor(FSHR)and luteinizing hormone receptor(LHR)mRNA in the mixed meal group was significantly lower than that in the soybean meal group(P<0.05),and the relative expression level of estrogen receptor 1(ER1)tended to be decreased(P=0.080).To sum up,in this experiment,feeding mixed meal diet for 12 months would lead to the damage of reproductive organs and the decline of laying performance of laying ducks,so it is not suitable for laying ducks to feed mixed meal diet for a long time.

关 键 词：杂粕 龙岩麻鸭 产蛋性能 器官发育 卵巢激素受体mRNA相对表达量 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]