不同光照条件对后备母猪生长性能、初情启动和血清激素指标的影响  

Effects of Different Light Conditions on Growth Performance, Onset ofPuberty and Serum Hormone Indexes of Replacement Gilts

作　　者：彭继勇 王坤 卓勇[1] 李健[1] 林燕[1] 徐盛玉[1] 车炼强[1] 冯斌[1] 吴德[1] 方正锋[1] PENG Jiyong;WANG Kun;ZHUO Yong;LI Jian;LIN Yan;XU Shengyu;CHE Lianqiang;FENG Bin;WU De;FANG Zhengfeng(Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education,Animal Nutrition Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,教育部动物抗病营养重点实验室,成都611130

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第8期4769-4778,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0500506)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同光照条件(光照周期和光照强度)对后备母猪生长性能、初情启动和血清激素指标的影响。试验选取体况优良、血缘相近、(140±3)日龄、体重(66±7)kg、健康的二元杂交后备母猪72头,随机分为3组,每组12个重复,每个重复2头猪。试验Ⅰ组:10 h光照、14 h黑暗(10L∶14D),光照强度为100 lx;试验Ⅱ组:16 h光照、8 h黑暗(16L∶8D),光照强度为100 lx;试验Ⅲ组:16 h光照、8 h黑暗(16L∶8D),光照强度为50 lx。预试期10 d,正试期78 d。结果表明:1)171~200日龄,在100 lx光照强度下,16L∶8D光照周期较10L∶14D光照周期有降低后备母猪料重比的趋势(P=0.068)。光照强度对后备母猪生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)在16L∶8D光照周期下,50 lx光照强度较100 lx光照强度有降低后备母猪初情体重的趋势(P=0.086)。试验Ⅲ组后备母猪的初情体重和初情日龄最低,发情率最高。3)170日龄时,在100 lx光照强度下,16L∶8D光照周期较10L∶14D光照周期极显著提高了后备母猪血清促卵泡激素(FSH)浓度(P<0.01),10L∶14D光照周期较16L∶8D光照周期显著提高了母猪血清胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)浓度(P<0.05)。在16L∶8D光照周期下,100 lx光照强度较50 lx光照强度显著提高了后备母猪血清FSH和促黄体激素(LH)浓度(P<0.05)。4)200日龄时,在16L∶8D光照周期下,100 lx光照强度较50 lx光照强度显著提高了后备母猪血清LH浓度(P<0.05),极显著提高了血清褪黑激素浓度(P<0.01),极显著降低了血清瘦素浓度(P<0.01),并有提高血清FSH浓度(P=0.077)和降低血清IGF-Ⅰ浓度(P=0.055)的趋势。综上所述,每日光照时长从10 h延长至16 h有助于提高后备母猪饲料利用率,促进初情启动相关激素的分泌,光照强度对后备母猪生长性能和初情表现的影响较小,生产中推荐提供50 lx的光照强度。This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different light conditions(light cycle and light intensity)on growth performance,onset of puberty and serum hormone indexes of replacement gilts.A total of 72 two-way cross replacement gilts with good body condition,similar consanguinity,(140±3)days of age and body weight of(66±7)kg were randomly allocated into 3 groups with 12 replicates per group and 2 pigs per replicate.Experimental groupⅠ:10 h illumination and 14 h darkness(10L∶14D),and the light intensity was 100 lx;experimental groupⅡ:16 h illumination and 8 h darkness(16L∶8D),and the light intensity was 100 lx;experimental groupⅢ:16 h illumination and 8 h darkness(16L∶8D),and the light intensity was 50 lx.The pre-experiment lasted for 10 days and the experiment lasted for 78 days.The results showed as follows:1)during 171 to 200 days of age,under 100 lx light intensity,16L∶8D light cycle had a tendency to reduce the feed to gain ratio of replacement gilts compared with 10L∶14D light cycle(P=0.068).Light intensity had no significant effect on growth performance of replacement gilts(P>0.05).2)Under 16L∶8D light cycle,50 lx light intensity had a tendency to reduce the weight of puberty of replacement gilts compared with 100 lx light intensity(P=0.086).The weight of puberty and age of puberty of replacement gilts in experimental groupⅢwere the lowest,and the estrus rate was the highest.3)On 170 days of age,under 100 lx light intensity,16L∶8D light cycle significantly increased the serum follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)concentration of replacement gilts compared with 10L∶14D light cycle(P<0.01),10L∶14D light cycle significantly increased the serum insulin like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)concentration of replacement gilts compared with 16L∶8D light cycle(P<0.05).Under 16L∶8D light cycle,100 lx light intensity significantly increased the concentrations of FSH and luteinizing hormone(LH)in serum of replacement gilts compared with 50 lx light intensity(P<0.05).4)On 170 days of ag

关 键 词：光照周期 光照强度 后备母猪 生长性能 初情启动 激素 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]