永定河京津冀段底栖动物群落结构特征及水生态健康评价  

Community Structure Characteristics and Water Ecological Health Evaluation of Benthic Fauna in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Section of Yongding River Basin

作　　者：孟翠婷 郎琪 雷坤[2] 程全国 李秀 MENG Cuiting;LANG Qi;LEI Kun;CHENG Quanguo;LI Xiu(College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China;Institute of Water Ecology and Environment, Chinese Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳大学生命科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110044 [2]中国环境科学研究院水生态环境研究所,北京100012

出　　处：《沈阳大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期307-313,共7页Journal of Shenyang University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家科技重大专项课题资助项目(2018X07111).

摘　　要：根据2020年秋季京津冀区域水生态和水质调查情况,分析了京津冀区域水环境及水生态特征,并构建了基于大型底栖动物完整性指数的水生态健康评价体系,对水生态健康状况进行评估.结果表明:河流受干扰程度较严重,丰、平水期QHEI评分在39~80分之间,生物栖息地质量较差;永定河京津冀段底栖动物生物完整性较差且存在空间差异性,共采集到底栖动物3门6纲34种,其中腹足纲最多,占44.12%,其次是昆虫纲,占35.29%;丰富度指数和物种数区域性差异显著,在上游和下游数值差异较大.水生态健康评价结果表明,京津冀段水生态健康状况不佳,且具有明显的空间差异性,评价结果为“健康”与“较好”比例仅占33.3%,其中官厅山峡段和桑干河段整体健康状况较好,洋河段和平原段健康状况较差,亟需开展河道治理与生态修复.According to the survey of water ecology and water quality in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in autumn 2020,water environment and water ecological characteristics in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region were analyzed,and an aquatic ecological health evaluation system based on the benthic index of biotic integrity was constructed to evaluate the aquatic ecological health.The results show that:this river is severely disturbed,with QHEI scores ranging from 39 to 80 points during normal and normal water periods,and the quality of the biological habitat is poor;the benthic fauna of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei section of the Yongding River is relatively poor in biological integrity and has spatial differences;a total of 34 species of benthic animals in 3 phyla and 6 classes were collected,of which the gastropod is the most,accounting for 44.12%,followed by the insecta,accounting for 35.29%;the richness index and the number of species have significant regional differences,and the upstream and downstream values are quite different.The water ecological health evaluation results show that the water ecological health of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei section is not good,and there are obvious spatial differences,the ratio of"healthy"and"better"is only 33.3 percent.Among them,the Guantingshan Gorge section and the Sanggan section are in good overall health,while the Yanghe section and the plain section are in poor health,and there is an urgent need for river improvement and ecological restoration.

关 键 词：底栖动物 群落结构 特征 底栖动物完整性指数(B-IBI) 河流健康评价 永定河流域 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]