洞室爆破振动信号时频分析及能量分布研究  

Time frequency analysis and energy distribution of blasting vibration signal in tunnel

作　　者：王子明 闫建文[1] 杨振军 WANG Ziming;YAN Jianwen;YANG Zhenjun(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学土木建筑工程学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《西安理工大学学报》2021年第2期261-268,共8页Journal of Xi'an University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(51679198)。

摘　　要：为有效预测洞室爆破对振动的振动规律,减小振动对保护建筑物的不良影响,分析起爆段数对能量分布的影响规律,需要对不同段数洞室爆破振动信号能量分布规律进行研究。以汝阳泉水沟尾矿库初期坝工程坝体堆石料开采为工程背景,采用小波变换法对爆破振动信号进行处理,获得各层频带包含能量方面信息,从频率和能量方面分析爆破振动信号时频特征。得到主振频率基本落在能量集中的频带,数个频带能量集中的现象依然存在。对比不同起爆段数的振动信号的能量分布情况,发现通过增加起爆段数,能够减少同时数个频带能量集中的现象。结合Hilbert-Huang变换(HHT)方法能同时分析信号时频特征的优点,进一步推论起爆段数增加使得振动波相互叠加效果加强,高频段振动分量相互叠加振幅消减,从而使主频向低频率收敛。In this paper,to study the energy distribution law of chamber blasting vibration signals for different sections,it is necessary to effectively predict the vibration law of cavern blasting on vibration,reduce the adverse effect of vibration on the protection of buildings,and analyze the law of the influence of the number of detonation sections on energy distribution.Taking the rockfill mining of the dam body in the initial dam project of Quanshuigou Tailing Reservoir in Ruyang County as the engineering case,the wavelet transform method is used to process the blasting vibration signal to obtain information on the energy contained in the frequency bands of each layer,and then analyze the time-frequency characteristics of the blasting vibration signal from the frequency and energy aspects.It is concluded that the main vibration frequency falls basically in the energy-concentrated frequency band,and that the phenomenon of frequency band energy concentration still exists.Comparing the energy distribution of vibration signals with different numbers of initiating segments,it is found in the study that that by increasing the number of initiating segments,the phenomenon of energy concentration in several frequency bands at the same time can be reduced.Combining the advantages of the Hilbert-Huang Transform(HHT)method that can simultaneously analyze the time-frequency characteristics of the signal,it is further deduced that the increase in the number of initiation segments will enhance the mutual superposition of vibration waves,and that the superposition of high-frequency vibration components will reduce the amplitude,which will cause the main frequency to converge to low frequencies.

关 键 词：小波分解 起爆段数 能量分布 振动主频 

分 类 号：TJ410.3[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]