独尾草属2个同域种的种群结构与动态特征  

Population structure and dynamic characteristics of two homologous species of the Eremurus

作　　者：刘丹 吴玲[1] 安静[1] 蒋超亮 王绍明[1] LIU Dan;WU Ling;AN Jing;JIANG Chaoliang;WANG Shaoming(College of Life Sciences,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学生命科学学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期488-495,共8页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家青年科学基金项目(31300406)。

摘　　要：异翅独尾草(Eremurus anisopterus)和粗柄独尾草(Eremurus inderiensis)在古尔班通古特沙漠南部早春广泛分布,具有重要生态功能,但由于受到人类干扰等影响,种群衰退,本文研究了3种生境类型异翅独尾草和粗柄独尾草的种群年龄结构与静态生命表动态特征,旨在为两个物种生态恢复和保护提供借鉴。结果显示,生境破碎化对两个物种增长和衰退产生严重影响。在生境破碎化程度高的a类型下,两种独尾草种群年龄均呈衰退型,出生率、死亡率在低龄级处为负值;在中度生境破碎化程度的b类型下,异翅独尾草种群结构属于稳定至衰退型,出生率、死亡率在第3龄级出现负值,粗柄独尾草种群年龄为稳定型结构,出生率、死亡率在中间龄级处为负值;在生境破碎化程度低的c类型中,两种独尾草种群年龄均呈增长型,出生率、死亡率分别在第6、7龄级以及第10龄级处出现负值。据此,本文提出了具体保护措施。Eremurus anisopterus and Eremurus inderiensis,which have important ecological functions,are widely distributed in the southern Gurbantunggut desert in early spring.However,due to human interference,their populations have greatly declined.This paper studied the age structure and life table characteristics of Eremurus anisopterus and Eremurus inderiensis populations in three types of habitat,aiming to provide reference for ecological restoration and protection of the two species.The results showed that habitat fragmentation has great impacts on the growth and decline of populations of the two species.In the type a habitats with a high degree of habitat fragmentation,the age structure of Eremurus anisopterus and Eremurus inderiensis populations showed a decline type,and the birth rate and mortality rate were negative at the young-age section.In the type b habitats with a moderate degree of fragmentation,the age structure of Eremurus anisopterus population showed a stable to decline type,and the birth rate and mortality rate were negative in the 3rd age section;while the age structure of Eremurus inderiensis population showed a stable type,and the birth rate and mortality rate were negative in the middle age section.In the type c habitats with a low degree of fragmentation,the age structure of Eremurus anisopterus and Eremurus inderiensis populations showed a growing type,and the birth rate and mortality rate were negative at the 6th,7th,and 10th age section.Accordingly,this paper proposed specific protection measures.

关 键 词：异翅独尾草 粗柄独尾草 种群动态 生境破碎化 

分 类 号：S154.4[农业科学—土壤学]