复杂曲面铣削加工变形误差分析及切痕测量仪器开发  

Analysis of deformation errors in milling of complex surfaces and development of notch measuring instruments

作　　者：张晓红[1,2] 王娅[1,2] ZHANG Xiaohong;WANG Ya(Training Centre of China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China;School of Engineering,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院培训中心,四川绵阳621900 [2]中国工程物理研究院工学院,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《中国测试》2021年第8期120-129,共10页China Measurement & Test

摘　　要：随着航空航天、国防等领域的装备制造要求不断提高,一大批具有复杂曲面且制造精度要求高的零件逐渐涌现。复杂曲面的加工能力已经成为检验五轴数控机床加工性能的重要指标。S形检验试件作为一种具有复杂曲面的典型试件,在其加工过程中,试件表面往往存在一定量的弹性变形误差。文章基于S试件,提出一种结合机床综合刚度的复杂曲面铣削受力变形误差计算方法,研究各轴刚度变化和径向切深、每齿进给量等铣削参数对受力变形误差的影响。结果表明:与平动轴相比,摆动轴刚度变化造成的变形误差更大;受力变形误差随着每齿进给量或者径向切深的增加而增大。同时针对S试件表面残留的切削痕迹问题,开发复杂曲面切削痕迹测量平台,能准确地对残留痕迹进行定位。With the continuous improvement of equipment manufacturing requirements in the aerospace,defense and other fields,a large number of parts with complex curved surfaces and high manufacturing precision requirements have gradually emerged.The processing ability of complex curved surfaces has become an important indicator for testing the processing performance of five-axis CNC machine tools.The S-shaped inspection specimen is a typical specimen with a complex curved surface.During its processing,the surface of the specimen often has a certain amount of elastic deformation error.Based on the S test piece,this paper proposes a calculation method for the milling force and deformation error of complex curved surfaces combined with the comprehensive stiffness of the machine tool,and studies the influence of the milling parameters such as the stiffness change of each axis,the radial depth of cut,and the feed per tooth on the force deformation error.The results show that compared with the translational shaft,the deformation error caused by the stiffness change of the swing shaft is larger;the force deformation error increases with the increase of the feed per tooth or the radial depth of cut.At the same time,in view of the residual cutting marks on the surface of the S test piece,a complex curved surface cutting mark measurement platform was developed to accurately locate the residual marks.

关 键 词：铣削加工 复杂曲面 受力变形误差 切痕测量 

分 类 号：TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB9[一般工业技术—计量学]