论科幻小说《按钮,按钮》中的匿名诱惑  

Temptation of Anonymity in Science Fiction Button,Button

作　　者：苏锑平[1] SU Tiping

机构地区：[1]西安外国语大学英文学院,陕西西安710128

出　　处：《外国语文》2021年第4期48-53,共6页Foreign Languages and Literature

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划青年基金项目“基于批评架构分析的澳大利亚土著文学民族认同书写嬗变研究”(19YJC752026);陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划“澳洲土著文学族群认同与民族认同书写之嬗变”(17JZ061);西安市社会科学规划基金项目“贾平凹与赖特乡土叙事及异域接受比较研究”(WL112)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在西方文学的诱惑叙事谱系中,美国"新浪潮派"科幻作家理查德·麦瑟逊接续柏拉图所开创的匿名诱惑想象,把人文关怀和社会问题作为关注的焦点。他的短篇科幻小说《按钮,按钮》以伊甸园的诱惑故事为原型,加入现代科技赋予人的"隐身功能",围绕"是否按下按钮"这一事件展开,揭露一个随着科技发展而日益突显的社会问题,即匿名诱惑与作恶。小说以寓言的形式预见了互联网时代的三大特征:全球化、去身份化和匿名化,但其咒语式的结局表明作者对新社会形态的迷茫。经过逾50年发展,互联网事实上已催生出匿名社会,不时出现的跨国匿名作恶事件宣示了传统道德的坍塌和现有社会治理模式应对互联网时代匿名社会的无力,重建个体道德和探索新的社会治理模式成为当务之急。The Western pedigree of temptation narration,Richard Matheson,a fantasy author of"the New Wave School",inherited the narrative tradition of anonymous temptation initiated by Plato,concentrating on humanistic concerns and social problems.Button,Button,with the story of temptation in the Garden of Eden as a prototype and invisibility that modern technologies endow with,reveals an increasingly prominent social problem,i.e.temptation of anonymity appearing with the development of science and technology through the event that Norma should"press the button or not".In the form of allegory,the story predicts three major characteristics of the Internet age:globalization,deidentification and anonymity.But the spell-like ending shows the author’s confusion about the new age.The Internet,having developed for more than 50 years,has actually created a society of anonymity.Transnational anonymous crimes from time to time reveal the collapse of the traditional morality and the inability of existing social governance models to cope with the society of anonymity in the Internet era,so it is imperative to rebuild individual morality and explore new social governance models.

关 键 词：科幻小说 匿名 诱惑 道德重建 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]