一种面向领域自然语言需求的形式化需求模型生成方法研究  

Constructing Formal Specification Models from Domain Specific Natural Language Requirements

作　　者：胡建成 胡军[1,2] 汪文轩 康介祥 王辉[3] 高忠杰[3] HU Jian-cheng;HU Jun;WANG Wen-xuan;KANG Jie-xiang;WANG Hui;GAO Zhong-jie(Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Novel Software Technology and Industry,Nanjing 210007,China;China National Aeronautic Radio Electronics Research Institute,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学计算机科学与技术学院,南京211106 [2]软件新技术与产业化协同创新中心,南京210007 [3]中国航空无线电电子研究所软件部,上海200233

出　　处：《小型微型计算机系统》2021年第8期1639-1648,共10页Journal of Chinese Computer Systems

摘　　要：构造一个满足完整性、一致性且组织良好的需求制品是提高安全关键软件质量的重要方法.本文工作面向机载软件领域,设计一种从自然语言描述的条目化需求到形式化需求模型生成的方法;工作包括:分析航电领域的需求描述特征,从该领域的自然语言描述的条目化需求入手,定义一套面向领域的自然语言需求模板,综合考虑所采用的形式化需求模型(VRM:Variable Relation Model)元素的语义,形成基于此模板的需求规范方法;然后给出从规范化后的需求条目集到VRM形式化模型的自动构造方法.最后选取了发动机指示和机组警告系统(EICAS:Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System)进行实例需求建模及模型生成.One important way to improve the quality of safety-critical software is to produce a good software requirement satisfying several key properties,such as:integrity,consistency,and well organized,etc.Our work is based on airbone software requirements,which are itemized with domain natural language in avionics,effectively into a formal specification model VRM(Variable Relation Model),which has table-style structures with formal semantics.Firstly,considering avionics domain characteristics,a domain concept library is established including different types of variables and concepts.Then,a set of domain-oriented requirements templates are defined,such as:general event/condition,display event/condition,etc.According to VRM model element semantics,three types model construction algorithms are designed to complete the translation automatically.And in the case study,the Engine Indication and Crew Warning System(EICAS)was selected to show how to construct formal models from natural language requirements.

关 键 词：安全关键软件 领域模板库 VRM 模型转换 EICAS 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]