烟叶成熟过程主要生理生化指标鉴定及相关性分析  

Identification and Correlation Analysis of Primary Physiological and Biochemical Indexes During Tobacco Leaf Maturation

作　　者：顾永丽 胡勇 周建云 黄宁 王艺焜 艾复清 Gu Yongli;Hu Yong;Zhou Jianyun;Huang Ning;Wang Yikun;Ai Fuqing(College of Tobacco Science of Guizhou University,Guiyang,550025;Guiyang Tobacco Company,Guiyang,550025;Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality Research of Guizhou Province,Guizhou University,Guiyang,550025)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学烟草学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵阳市烟草公司,贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学,贵州省烟草品质研究重点实验室,贵阳550025

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2021年第15期5137-5142,共6页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司项目(筑烟科〔2018〕4号)资助。

摘　　要：为探明烤烟田间成熟过程烟叶综合变黄程度与主要生化变化的关系。以‘云烟87’为材料,采用过程取样法研究中、上部叶成熟过程主要生化指标动态变化,并采用主成分分析法分析其与烟叶变黄程度的相关性。结果表明:随烟叶变黄程度的增加,硝酸还原酶活性、总氮、蛋白质含量逐渐下降,淀粉、总糖、还原糖、烟碱含量先升后降,而淀粉酶活性则先降后升;与上部叶相比,中部叶淀粉酶活性和主要碳水化合物含量较高,硝酸还原酶活性和主要含氮化合物含量较低;中、上部叶淀粉酶活性谷值、淀粉、总糖、还原糖、烟碱含量峰值分别出现在烟叶综合变黄60%~70%时及70%~90%时。除淀粉酶活性及淀粉含量外,其余6项指标与烟叶变黄程度具有显著相关性;主成分分析表明,烟叶变黄程度与硝酸还原酶活性及总氮、蛋白质、总糖、还原糖含量相关性较大,与烟碱、淀粉含量及淀粉酶活性相关性较小,特征向量值分别为0.39以上、0.07以下。总体来看,随烟叶变黄程度的增加,中、上部叶主要生化指标在烟叶综合变黄60%~70%、80%左右出现拐点;硝酸还原酶活性及总氮、蛋白质、总糖、还原糖含量与烟叶变黄程度关系最为密切,在一定程度上可反映烟叶成熟状况。本研究可为‘云烟87’的成熟判断提供理论参考。To investigate the relationship between the degree of comprehensive yellowing and the main biochemical changes of flue-cured tobacco during field ripening.Taking'Yunyan87'as material,the dynamic changes of main biochemical indexes during middle and upper leaf ripening were studied by process sampling method,and the correlation between them and tobacco leaf yellowing degree was analyzed by principal component analysis.The results showed that with the increase of yellowing degree,nitrate reductase activity,total nitrogen and protein contents decreased gradually,starch,total sugar,reducing sugar and nicotine contents increased at first and then decreased,while amylase activity decreased at first and then increased.Compared with the upper leaves,the middle leaves had higher amylase activity and main carbohydrate content,but lower nitrate reductase activity and main nitrogen compound content.The peak values of amylase activity valley,starch,total sugar,reducing sugar and nicotine contents in middle and upper leaves appeared at 60%~70%and 70%~90%of comprehensive yellowing of tobacco leaves,respectively.Except amylase activity and starch content,the other 6 indexes were significantly correlated with the degree of tobacco yellowing.Principal component analysis showed that the degree of tobacco leaf yellowness was significantly correlated with nitrate reductase activity,total nitrogen,protein,total sugar and reducing sugar content,but was less correlated with nicotine,starch content and amylase activity,and the characteristic vector value was more than 0.39 and less than 0.07,respectively.In general,with the increase of the degree of tobacco yellowing,the inflexion point of the main biochemical indexes of middle and upper leaves appeared at about 60%~70%and 80%of tobacco comprehensive yellowing.Nitrate reductase activity and the contents of total nitrogen,protein,total sugar and reducing sugar were most closely related to the yellowing degree of tobacco leaves,which could reflect the ripening status of tobacco leaves.This

关 键 词：烤烟 成熟过程 生化 规律 相关性 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]