沿海某高校职工甲状腺结节患病情况与生活方式相关性调查  

Investigation on thyroid nodule status and life style in staff of a coastal university

作　　者：郭娅棣 GUO Ya-di(Department of Endocrinology,China University of Petroleum(Huadong)Hospital,Qingdao 266580,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)医院内分泌科,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《中国校医》2021年第7期484-486,500,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(19CX04022B)。

摘　　要：目的调查高校职工甲状腺结节患病情况及运动、饮食等生活状况对其影响,为甲状腺疾病的防治提供理论依据。方法选取某高校医院2019年1月—10月体检职工3886名,详细记录其病史、一般体格检查、血生化、甲状腺功能、甲状腺B超结果及运动与饮食状况,分析甲状腺结节患病情况与其他指标的关联强度,探讨引起甲状腺结节发生的危险因素。结果甲状腺结节总体患病率31.2%,其中男性为37.13%,高于女性的62.87%,(χ^(2)=10.271,P=0.001);甲状腺结节组与非甲状腺结节组在吸烟史、合并高血压病、糖尿病、高脂血症、高尿酸血症等方面的差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.001);多因素回归分析显示,性别、吸烟、饮食、运动、糖尿病、高脂血症与甲状腺结节患病独立相关(P值均<0.001)。经常运动组较较少运动组体质量指数(BMI)[(125.55±2.74)VS(75.20±3.94)]、甘油三酯(TG)[(1.03±0.57)mmol/L VS(1.21±0.51)mmol/L]、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)[(3.35±0.52)mmol/L VS(4.17±0.43)mmol/L]、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)[(2.58±0.36)VS(3.62±0.22)]均较低。经常运动组与有时运动组均较较少运动组低回声结节、囊性结节及类囊性结节的发病例数少(P值均<0.001)。结论甲状腺结节的患病与性别、年龄、吸烟、饮食、糖尿病、高脂血症独立相关。规律运动与低碘饮食有助于改善甲状腺结节患病状况。Objective To investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodule disease and the influence of exercise,diet,other living conditions,so as to provide the theoretical evidence for the prevention and treatment of thyroid disease.Methods A total of 3886 employees who took physical examinations in a hospital were selected as research objects from January 2019 to October 2019.The medical history,general physical examination,blood biochemistry,thyroid function,thyroid B-ultrasound examination,and exercises and diet status were investigated and recorded in detail.The correlation between the thyroid nodule disease and other indicators was analyzed to explore the risk factors causing thyroid nodule.Results The overall prevalence of thyroid nodules was 31.2%,and among them,there were 37.13%of males and 62.87%of females.There were statistically significant differences between the thyroid nodule group and the non-thyroid nodule group in smoking history,complicated hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,and hyperuricemia(P<0.001).The multivariate regression analysis showed that the gender,smoking,diet,exercises,diabetes,and hyperlipidemia were independently associated with thyroid nodule disease(P<0.001).In the regular exercise group,the average lower body mass index(BMI)[(125.55±2.74)VS(75.20±3.94)],triglyceride(TG)[(1.03±0.57)mmol/L VS(1.21±0.51)mmol/L],low-density lipoprotein(LDL-c)[(3.35±0.52)mmol/L VS(4.17±0.43)mmol/L],and insulin resistance index(HOMR-IR)[(2.58±0.36)VS(3.62±0.22)]were lower than those in the less active group.The incidence rates of hypoechoic nodule,cystic nodule,and thylakoid nodule in the regular exercise group and the sometimes exercise group were lower than those in the less exercise group(P<0.001).Conclusion The incidence of thyroid nodules is independently related to the gender,age,smoking,diet,diabetes and hyperlipidemia.Regular exercises and low iodine diet can contribute to improve the thyroid nodules.

关 键 词：生活方式 甲状腺结节 患病率 数据相关性 

分 类 号：R581.9[医药卫生—内分泌]