河西走廊灌溉玉米田病虫草害发生和农药使用现状与减量对策  

Pest Infestation,Status of Pesticides Application and Strategies on Reducing Their Input in Irrigated Maize Field in the Hexi Corridor Region

作　　者：王春明[1,2] 张锦伟 周天旺 靖俊杰[3] 张小杰 郭成 贾春虹 WANG Chun-ming;ZHANG Jin-wei;ZHOU Tian-wang;JING Jun-jie;ZHANG Xiao-jie;GUO Cheng;JIA Chun-hong(Institute of Plant Protection,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Tianshui,Ministry of Agriculture,Tianshui 741200;Institute of Plant and Environment Protection,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097;College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所,兰州730070 [2]农业农村部天水作物有害生物科学观测实验站,甘肃天水741200 [3]北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护研究所,北京100097 [4]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《玉米科学》2021年第4期88-96,共9页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201808);甘肃省科技厅青年科技基金计划项目(18JR3RA258)。

摘　　要：2017~2019年系统调查甘肃河西走廊地区灌溉春玉米田的病、虫、草害发生情况和生产中农药的投入情况及存在的问题,明确茎腐病(Pythium spp.&Fusarium spp.)、普通锈病(Puccinia sorghi)和穗腐病(Fusarium spp)是重点病害,蚜虫(Rhopalosiphum spp)和红蜘蛛(Tetranychu cinnabarinus&T.trtuncantus&T.urticae)是重点害虫,狗尾草(Setaria viridis)、稗草(Echinochloa crus-galli)、藜(Chenopodium album)和反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus)是主要杂草。使用的农药有效成分至少33个,普遍存在生产者盲目加大农药使用频率和使用量,甚至超范围使用农药的现象。Applying pesticide for disease,insect and weed control during maize cultivation is an essential work in each crop growth season in the Hexi Corridor Region(HCR)in Gansu province.Pest infestation,status of pesticides application in maize field of this region has not been clear yet.These were investigated and summarized in the year of 2017-2019.The results indicated that Corn Stalk Rot(Pythium spp.&Fusarium spp.),common rust(Puccinia sorghi)and ear rot(F.verticillioides&F.graminearum)are the dominant diseases.Aphids(Rhopalosiphum maidis)and spider mite(Tetranychu cinnabarinus&T.trtuncantus&T.urticae)are the dominant insects.Green bristlegrass(Setaria viridis),barnyardgrass(Echinochloa crus-galli),lambsquarters(Chenopodium album)and redroot amaranth(Amaranthus retroflexus)are the dominant weed species.Total pesticides active ingredients applied in this place is at 33.The phenomenon of increasing the frequency and the number of pesticides input per application blindly,even the use of unregistered pesticides is prevalent.

关 键 词：玉米 河西走廊 农药使用现状 减药对策 

分 类 号：S435.131[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]