2014—2019年乌鲁木齐市新发涂阳肺结核流行特征及治疗转归分析  

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and therapeutic prognosis of new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Urumqi from 2014 to 2019

作　　者：张为胜[1] 李德洋 陈阳贵[1] 马丽[1] 杨建东 曹明芹[2] ZHANG Wei-sheng;LI De-yang;CHEN Yang-gui;MA Li;YANG Jian-dong;CAO Ming-qin(Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Section,Urumqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]乌鲁木齐市疾病预防控制中心结核病防治科,830000 [2]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计教研室

出　　处：《中国防痨杂志》2021年第6期562-568,共7页Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(82060622)。

摘　　要：目的了解2014—2019年乌鲁木齐市新发涂阳肺结核流行特征并分析患者治疗转归影响因素。方法通过《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》子系统《结核病信息管理系统》收集2014—2019年乌鲁木齐市登记的新发涂阳肺结核患者信息,包括基本人口信息、诊断信息及首诊医疗机构信息。2014—2019年乌鲁木齐市各年度常住人口数据及行政区划信息来源于各年度乌鲁木齐市国民经济和社会发展统计公报。描述新发涂阳肺结核的流行特征,并对治疗转归的影响因素进行分析。结果2014—2019年乌鲁木齐市共登记3029例新发涂阳肺结核患者,年均登记发病率为14.31/10万;各年度登记发病率介于12.76/10万(449例)~16.81/10万(597例)。新发涂阳肺结核患者中,男性[60.71%(1839/3029)]及≤45岁[48.90%(1481/3029)]人群多发,春、夏季为高发季节[分别占26.81%(812/3029)和26.78%(811/3029)],中心城区为高发[76.96%(2331/3029)]。多因素logistic回归显示:女性(OR=0.100,95%CI=0.071~0.152)、46~65岁(OR=0.453,95%CI=0.302~0.683)和治疗2个月末痰检阴转(OR=0.192,95%CI=0.134~0.292)的新发涂阳肺结核患者更易治疗成功,而治疗2个月末未痰检者(OR=24.442,95%CI=10.751~55.533)容易发生治疗失败。结论2014—2019年乌鲁木齐市新发涂阳肺结核登记率整体呈现先降低再升高趋势,应在春、夏高发季节和人口密集的中心城区加强男性、中年人群的重点防控,并落实治疗2个月末痰涂片检查工作。Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)in Urumqi from 2014 to 2019,and to analyze the influencing factors of the therapeutic prognosis.Methods The information of newly diagnosed smear-positive tuberculosis patients registered in Urumqi from 2014 to 2019 was collected through the TB Information Management System of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System,including population information,diagnostic information and information of first-diagnosed medical institutions.The annual resident population data and administrative division information of Urumqi from 2014 to 2019 were from the statistical bulletin of national economic and social development of Urumqi.The epidemiological characteristics of new smear-positive tuberculosis were described,and the influencing factors of therapeutic prognosis were analyzed.Results A total of 3029 new smear-positive tuberculosis patients were registered in Urumqi from 2014 to 2019,with an average annual registration rate of 14.31/100000.The annual registered incidence ranged from 12.76/100000(449 cases)to 16.81/100000(597 cases).Among the newly diagnosed smear-positive PTB patients,the majority were males(60.71%(1839/3029))and aged≤45 years(48.90%(1481/3029)).The incidence was high in spring and summer(26.81%(812/3029)and 26.78%(811/3029),respectively).The incidence was high in the central urban area(76.96%(2331/3029)).Multivariate logistic regression showed that:of the new smear-positive tuberculosis patients,female(OR=0.100,95%CI=0.071-0.152),46-65 years old(OR=0.453,95%CI=0.302-0.683)and patients with smear-negative in sputum examination at the end of 2 months after treatment(OR=0.192,95%CI=0.134-0.292)were more likely to be successfully treated;while treatment failure was more likely to occurred in patients without sputum examination at the end of 2 months after treatment(OR=24.442,95%CI=10.751-55.533).Conclusion From 2014 to 2019,the registration rate of new smear-positive PTB in Urumqi Cit

关 键 词：结核 肺 发病率 流行病学研究 回归分析 乌鲁木齐 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]