2017—2019年广西壮族自治区学校结核病疫情流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in schools in Guangxi from 2017 to 2019

作　　者：周凌云[1] 梁大斌[1] 李鹃[1] 黄敏莹[1] 赵锦明[1] 梁小烟 ZHOU Ling-yun;LIANG Da-bin;LI Juan;HUANG Min-ying;ZHAO Jin-ming;LIANG Xiao-Yan(Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Institute,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Nanning 530028,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心结核病防制所,南宁530028

出　　处：《结核与肺部疾病杂志》2021年第2期144-149,共6页Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

基　　金：广西医疗卫生适宜技术开发与推广应用项目(S2017067)。

摘　　要：目的分析广西壮族自治区(简称"广西")学校结核病疫情流行病学特征,为采取有效防控措施提供参考依据。方法采用回顾性研究方法,从中国疾病预防控制中心《结核病管理信息系统》"追踪信息管理"中分年度导出2017—2019年广西职业分类为"学生"和"教师"的学校结核病患者信息。从广西疾病预防控制中心结核病防制所查阅2017—2019年广西各市(区、县)学校结核病疫情登记表、肺结核患者个案调查表、疫情初始报告、进程报告和结案报告等资料,搜集学校结核病疫情(包括聚集性疫情和突发公共卫生事件)起数、涉及患者例数、疫情发生年份、发生学校所在地域、学校属性、疫情处置情况、密切接触者筛查情况,以及学校结核病疫情防控措施落实情况。对疫情流行病学特征进行描述性分析,并比较聚集性疫情及突发公共卫生事件各调查特征指标的差异。结果2017—2019年,广西报告学校结核病疫情共计70起,涉及患者415例,占各年度广西学校结核病患者例数的7.6%(116/1535)、8.9%(169/1896)、12.9%(130/1009),呈逐年上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=18.969,P=0.000);其中,聚集性疫情65起(涉及患者例数331例),突发公共卫生事件5起(涉及患者例数84例)。桂南、桂西南、桂东北地区涉及的患者例数占总例数的66.7%(277/415),疫情起数占总疫情起数的70.0%(49/70);15~19岁年龄组患者例数占总患者例数的73.5%(305/415)。聚集性疫情与突发公共卫生事件各调查特征指标比较显示,突发公共卫生事件更容易发生在"春季""中等学校""指示病例为男性""指示病例就诊延迟""指示病例个案调查延迟""指示病例病原学结果阳性""密切接触者筛查延迟""密切接触者筛查不规范""教职工体检无结核病筛查项目""新生入学体检无结核病筛查项目""未落实晨午检制度",以及"未落实宿舍教室通风换气制度"等情况下,分别占69.0%(58/84)、83Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in schools in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,and to provide reference for effective prevention and control measures.Methods A retrospective study was conducted.Data of tuberculosis patients classified as"students"and"teachers"in school in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region between 2017 and 2019 were annually derived from the"tracking information management"of Tuberculosis Management Information System of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention.From the Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Institute,GuangXi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control,the registration form of tuberculosis epidemic situation in schools,the questionnaire of tuberculosis patients,the initial report,process report and closing report of tuberculosis epidemic situation in Guangxi(each city,districts or county)from 2017 to 2019 were consulted to collect the number of tuberculosis outbreaks(including aggregated epidemic situation and public health emergencies),number of patients,year of the outbreak,location of the school,nature of the school,disposal of the epidemic,screening of close contacts,and the prevention and control measures of tuberculosis in the school.The epidemiological characteristics of the epidemic situation was descriptively analyzed,and differences of indicators of the characteristics of the clustered epidemic situation and public health emergencies were compared.Results From 2017 to 2019,a total of 70 outbreaks of tuberculosis in schools in Guangxi were reported,the number of patients was 415,and accounted for 7.6%(116/1535),8.9%(169/1896)and 12.9%(130/1009)of the tuberculosis cases in schools in Guangxi every year,respectively,showing an increasing trend year by year(χ^(2)_(trend)=18.969,P=0.000).Among them,there were 65 clustered outbreaks(331 cases)and 5 public health emergencies(84 cases).In south,southwest and northeast of Guangxi,patients accounted for 66.7%(277/415)of the total cases,clustered outbreaks accounte

关 键 词：结核 院校 发病率 流行病学研究特征(主题) 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学]