家庭支持方法对吸烟者戒烟效果的评价研究  

Evaluation of smoking cessation by family support methods

作　　者：陈文翰[1] 谭守勇[2] 梁敏青[1] 李惠芬[1] 郑闽莉[2] 吴桂锋[3] 谢玮 赖铿 李丽桃[1] 霍金荣[4] CHEN Wen-han;TAN Shou-yong;LIANG Min-qing;LI Hui-fen;ZHENG Min-li;WU Gui-feng;XIE Wei;LAI Keng;LI Li-tao;HUO Jin-rong(Department of Preventive Health Care,Guangzhou Chest Hospital,Guangzhou 510095,China;Department of Tuberculosis Medicine,Guangzhou Chest Hospital,Guangzhou 510095,China;Department of Tuberculosis Control,Guangzhou Chest Hospital,Guangzhou 510095,China;Department of Science Education and Information,Guangzhou Chest Hospital,Guangzhou 510095,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市胸科医院预防保健科,广州510095 [2]广州市胸科医院结核内科,广州510095 [3]广州市胸科医院结核病控制科,广州510095 [4]广州市胸科医院科教信息科,广州510095

出　　处：《结核与肺部疾病杂志》2021年第2期179-183,共5页Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

基　　金：广州市胸科医院科研项目(2016-xk008)。

摘　　要：目的评价家庭支持方法对吸烟者戒烟的有效性。方法采用前瞻性干预研究设计,选择符合纳入标准的80例戒烟门诊患者,每例患者首诊时进行标准的基线问卷评估,并在首诊后1、3、6个月进行随访,由经过培训的医师对每例患者进行面对面心理干预和戒烟方法辅导,并将其按首诊时是否有家属陪同分为对照组(43例)和家庭支持组(37例),对照组仅给予心理干预,家庭支持组在心理干预的基础上,给予家庭内戒烟支持和监督。比较两组患者治疗的7天时点戒烟率、已戒烟患者的复吸率,以及干预结束时尼古丁依赖程度的差异。结果随访1、3、6个月时,家庭支持组的7天时点戒烟率[分别为83.3%(30/36)、68.6%(24/35)和48.6%(17/35)]均明显高于对照组[分别为58.5%(24/41)、37.5%(15/40)和17.5%(7/40)],差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.627,P=0.018;χ^(2)=8.142,P=0.017;χ^(2)=10.174,P=0.006)。随访3个月时,家庭支持组的复吸率[20.0%(6/30)]低于对照组[37.5%(9/24)],但两组间差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.035,P=0.154);随访6个月时,家庭支持组的复吸率[43.3%(13/30)]明显低于对照组[70.8%(17/24)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.084,P=0.043)。干预结束时,尼古丁依赖评分为重度的患者,家庭支持组所占比例[28.6%(10/35)]明显少于对照组[52.5%(21/40)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.408,P=0.036)。结论在对吸烟者的戒烟干预中,运用家庭支持方法可有效提高戒烟率,降低复吸率,促进未戒烟者减少吸烟依赖程度。Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of family support methods for smoking cessation.Methods A prospective intervention study design was used,80 outpatients of smoking cessation clinics who met the inclusion criteria were selected,and each patient was evaluated with a standard baseline questionnaire at the first consultation,and followed up 1,3,and 6 months after the first consultation.Trained physicians provided face-toface psychological intervention and smoking cessation counselling for each patient.The patients were divided into control group(43 patients)and family support group(37 patients)according to whether their family members were accompanied at the first consultation.The control group was only given psychological intervention,and the family support group was given support and supervision for smoking cessation in the family on the basis of psychological intervention.The differences of the smoking cessation rates at the 7 days treatment,the relapse rates of patients who had quit smoking,and the degree of nicotine dependence at the end of the intervention of between the two groups were compared.Results At 1,3,and 6 months of follow-up,the 7-day point prevalence on abstinence rate in the family support group(83.3%(30/36),68.6%(24/35)and 48.6%(17/35))were significantly higher than those in the control group(58.5%(24/41),37.5%(15/40)and 17.5%(7/40))(χ^(2)=5.627,P=0.018;χ^(2)=8.142,P=0.017;χ^(2)=10.174,P=0.006).At the 3-month follow-up,the relapse rate in the family support group(20.0%(6/30))was lower than that in the control group(37.5%(9/24))without significant difference(χ^(2)=2.035,P=0.154).At the 6-month follow-up,the relapse rate in the family support group was significantly lower than that in the control group(43.3%(13/30)vs 70.8%(17/24),χ^(2)=4.084,P=0.043).At the end of the intervention,patients with severe nicotine dependence scores had significantly fewer in the family support group than controls(28.6%(10/35)vs 52.5%(21/40),χ^(2)=4.408,P=0.036).Conclusion In smoking cessation interventions,

关 键 词：戒烟 家庭支持 效果评价 随访研究 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]