试论《毛诗笺》文意训释的语义构成  

The Semantic Structure of the Explanation of Contextual Meaning in Maoshijian

作　　者：白如[1] BAI Ru

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文学院,北京100875

出　　处：《语言学论丛》2021年第1期327-346,共20页Essays on Linguistics

摘　　要：文意训释是传统的随文释义类训诂著作中常见的训释类型。与词义训释相比,文意训释对具体语境的依赖程度更高,但这些训释并非随意而发,其内部语义结构亦有规律可循。以《毛诗笺》为例,其文意训释的语义成分可以分为“客观词义信息”和“语境信息”两大类,这些语义成分的组构方式则有“添加”“转移”“整合”三种类型,分别对应文意训释与被释词客观词义之间“相合”“相交”“相邻”三种关系。这也说明,古人对于典籍中语词意义的理解虽然会受到不同层次语境信息的影响,但总体上仍围绕客观词义展开。通过对文意训释的内部语义结构进行分析,可进一步加深对典籍训释材料的理解与认识,亦可为词汇语义学的研究提供参照。The explanation of contextual meaning is a common type of Chinese exegesis on classical works.Contextual meaning of explanation is more dependent on the specific context,compared with the lexical meaning.However,these explanations are far from random,actually their internal semantic structure has its own regularity.Take Maoshijian for example,the semantic components of contextual meaning can be divided into two categories:objective meaning information and contextual information.The means of structuring semantic components are categorized into three main types:adding,transferring and integrating,which correspond to the three relationships between contextual meaning and objective meaning:congruence,intersection and adjacency.Although the ancient semantic comprehension of the words in classics can be influenced by different kinds of contextual information,it still mainly focuses on objective meaning.Through the analysis of the internal semantic structure of explanation of contextual meaning,we can further deepen the understanding of the textual meaning interpretation materials,and provide more reference for the study of lexical semantics.

关 键 词：文意训释 语境《毛诗笺》 语义构成 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语]