六轴宽轨机车垂向动力学特性研究  

Research on Vertical Dynamic Characteristics of Six-axle Wide-rail Locomotive

作　　者：梁俊杰 史青录[1] 李幸人 黄凌雄 Liang Junjie;Shi Qinglu;Li Xingren

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学机械工程学院 [2]中车大同电力机车有限公司技术中心

出　　处：《工程机械》2021年第7期20-26,I0014,共8页Construction Machinery and Equipment

基　　金：山西省科技重大专项(20181102002)。

摘　　要：对某型六轴宽轨电力机车建立包括车体、构架以及轮对在内的多体系统动力学微分方程组,利用MATLAB编程进行求解运算,并在SIMPACK中建立动力学仿真模型。分析该机车在120 km/h运行速度以及AAR5级轨道谱激励下的一系轴箱垂向定位刚度和二系橡胶堆垂向刚度对机车垂向动力学特性的影响。结果表明:前司机室垂向平稳性指标随着一系垂向刚度和二系垂向刚度的增大而增大,当二系垂向刚度大于4 MN/m时,随着二系垂向刚度增大,前司机室垂向平稳性指标增幅明显减小,最后趋于平稳;一系垂向刚度越大,其变化对车体垂向振动加速度的影响越小;随着一系垂向刚度的增加,轮轨垂向力整体呈现减小趋势,二系垂向刚度变化对轮轨垂向力影响较小;一定范围内,减小一系轴箱垂向定位刚度和二系橡胶堆垂向刚度,有利于提高六轴宽轨机车垂向动力学性能。For a six-axle wide-rail electric locomotive,dynamic differential equations of multi-body system including car body,frame and wheelset are established,MATLAB programming is used to solve the equations,and dynamic simulation model is established in SIMPACK.Influences of vertical positioning stiffness of primary axle box and vertical stiffness of secondary rubber pad on vertical dynamic characteristics of locomotive under running speed of 120 km/h and excitation of AAR5 track spectrum are analyzed.The results show that vertical stability index of front cab increases with the increase of primary and secondary vertical stiffness.When secondary vertical stiffness is greater than 4 MN/m,with the increase of secondary vertical stiffness,the increase of vertical stability index of front cab decreases significantly and finally tends to be stable.The larger the primary vertical stiffness is,the smaller the influence of its change on vertical vibration acceleration of car body is.With the increase of primary vertical stiffness,wheel-rail vertical force decreases,and change of secondary vertical stiffness has little effect on wheel-rail vertical force.In a certain range,reducing vertical positioning stiffness of primary axle box and vertical stiffness of secondary rubber pad is conducive to improving vertical dynamic performance of six-axle wide-gauge locomotive.

关 键 词：六轴宽轨电力机车 多体动力学 垂向平稳性指标 垂向刚度 轮轨垂向力 

分 类 号：U264[机械工程—车辆工程]