中国翘角姬兜成虫的两性异形及雄性角异形  

Sexual and male horn dimorphism in adult Xylotrupes socrates tonkinensis(Scarabaeidae,Coleoptera,Insecta)

作　　者：柏天琦[1] 解德宏[1] 陈于福[1] 张翠仙[1] 王永芬 魏朝军[2] 王美存[1] 易怀锋[1] 章勇 尼章光[1] BAI Tian-qi;XIE De-hong;CHEN Yu-fu;ZHANG Cui-xian;WANG Yong-fen;WEI Chao-jun;WANG Mei-cun;YI Huai-feng;ZHANG Yong;NI Zhang-guang(Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crop Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Baoshan 68000,Yunnan,China;Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China).)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,云南保山678000 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2021年第8期2496-2505,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：芒果优良品种帕拉英达绿色生产技术示范推广(1630032020011)项目资助。

摘　　要：为了阐明中国翘角姬兜成虫的两性异形及雄性角异形,采用多元统计分析方法比较雌雄成虫形态性状大小差异,并通过雄性头角和胸角的异速生长类型判断分析其是否存在大小异形。在室内观察了大型雄性及小型雄性个体对雌性的雄-雄竞争行为。结果表明:所测量的雌雄8个共有性状大小在两性中存在较大程度重叠,但总体上雄性性状大小皆显著大于雌性(P<0.05);雄性头角长及胸角长变异系数分别为25.0%和30.8%,显著大于其他测量性状的变异系数,且它们的分布皆为正态分布(P>0.05);头角及胸角长的异速生长方程分别为y=1.796x-2.8(R2=0.765,P<0.05)和y=2.059x-2.628(R2=0.951,P<0.05),皆为简单线性正(斜率大于1)异速生长;在狭小空间内,通过概率分级划分的小型雄性(头角长<6.56 mm)和大型雄性(头角长>11.92 mm)都会使用角进行雄-雄竞争来试图获得配偶。因此,该虫总体上存在雄性偏大的两性异形。雄性的头角和胸角长具有较大的变异,但通过异速生长分析未发现其存在明显异形性的证据。是否不同体型雄性存在不同繁殖行为策略需在野外进一步评估。To elucidate the sexual and male horn dimorphism in adult Xylotrupes socrates tonkinensis,multivariate statistical analysis was used to compare the differences of eight morphological traits between male and female,while allometry models of head horn length and thoracic horn length were used to determine the existence of horn dimorphism.The male-male competition behaviors of large and small males for females were observed in the laboratory.The results showed that the distributions of all traits,except tarsal length,overlapped considerably between males and females.The traits for males were generally larger than females(P<0.05).The coefficient variations of head horn length and thoracic horn length were 25.0%and 30.8%respectively,which were significantly larger than those of other measured traits.The values of head horn length and thoracic horn length followed normal distribution(P>0.05).The allometric relationships of head horn length and thoracic horn length to body size were fit with positive and simple linear models y=1.796 x-2.8(R2=0.765,P<0.05)and y=2.059 x-2.628(R2=0.951,P<0.05),respectively.Both small(head horn length<6.56 mm)and large males(head horn length>11.92 mm)that classified by probability grade could use horns to compete for females.Therefore,there is a sexual dimorphism.The head horn length and thoracic horn length of males had great variation,but without obvious horn dimorphism through allometric analysis.The dependence of reproductive strategies on body sizes of males needs to be further evaluated in the field.

关 键 词：中国翘角姬兜 两性大小异形 雄性角异形 异速生长 配偶竞争 

分 类 号：S433.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]