少花蒺藜草生物生态学特征与综合防除策略  

Biological and ecological characteristics of Cenchrus pauciflorus and the integrated control strategies

作　　者：周全来[1] 王正文[1] 齐凤林 杨达志 门红艳 孙彪 齐楠 崔雪 王永翠[1] ZHOU Quan-lai;WANG Zheng-wen;QI Feng-lin;YANG Da-zhi;MEN Hong-yan;SUN Biao;QI Nan;CUI Xue;WANG Yong-cui(Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;Management Committee of Zhangwu Grassland Ecological Restoration Demonstration Area in Fuxin,Fuxin 123200,Liaoning,China;Station of Forest and Grassland Pest Control and Quarantine of Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110804,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]阜新市彰武草原生态恢复示范区管理委员会,辽宁車新123200 [3]辽宁省林业和草原有害生物防治检疫工作站,沈阳110804

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2021年第8期2593-2600,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0507203);国家自然科学基金项目(31971732);国家自然科学青年基金项目(41601588);辽宁省重大专项项目(2020020287-JH1/103-02-02)资助。

摘　　要：少花蒺藜草(Cenchrus pauciflorus)分布于辽宁省西北部、内蒙古自治区东部和吉林省南部三省交汇区,是恶性外来入侵物种之一,具有高抗逆性、高繁殖力、传播途径多样和高侵染力等特点,对草地产量、质量和生物多样性、畜牧业生产和人民生产生活造成严重影响,然而尚缺乏有效的防治手段。本文综述了少花蒺藜草生物学特性、生态学特性、传播途径、危害性和现有防除措施的最新研究进展,分析了现有防除措施存在的问题,提出了少花蒺藜草综合防除策略,并展望了未来理论研究与技术研发方向,旨在为我国北方少花蒺藜草防除提供科学依据。Cenchrus pauciflorus,one of the malignant alien plant species,is distributed in the intersection of northwest Liaoning,eastern part of Inner Mongolia,and southern Jilin.It has caused serious impacts on grassland productivity,grassland quality,and biodiversity,due to its high resistance,high propagation capability,multiple dispersal routes,and high invasiveness.The effective mea-sures on how to control the species are scarce.We reviewed biological characteristics,ecological characteristic,dispersal routes,harmfulness,and the current preventive measures.We analyzed the pros and cons of current preventive measures and proposed an integrated management strategy for the control of the invasive species.The future directions for theoretical research and development of control technology were prospected to provide basis for elimination of Cenchrus pauciflorus in northern China.

关 键 词：恶性外来物种 生物学特性 生态学特性 传播途径 危害性 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]