基于普适型监测的多参数预警研究--以三峡库区卡门子湾滑坡为例  

Study on the Multi-parameter Early Warning Based on Universal Equipment:A Case of Kamenziwan Landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir

作　　者：马娟[1] 赵文祎 齐干 刘哲儒 邢顾莲 叶思卿 陈瑶 MA Juan;ZHAO Wenyi;QI Gan;LIU Zheru;XING Gulian;YE Siqing;CHEN Yao(China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring,Beijing 100081,China;Geological Environmental Center of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430022,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081 [2]湖北省地质环境总站,湖北武汉430022

出　　处：《西北地质》2021年第3期259-269,共11页Northwestern Geology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“基于地质云的地质灾害预警与快速评估示范研究”(2018YFC1505500);课题“滑坡崩塌大数据监测预警平台研发及示范”(2019YFC1509605);“高陡斜坡无人机贴近摄影与快速布设监测预警设备研发”(2019YFC1509604)。

摘　　要：笔者以三峡库区卡门子湾滑坡为例,介绍了此次滑坡监测预警实验选点踏勘设计,安装实施运行、监测数据实时传输、系统自动发出预警等全过程。监测数据前端采集选用普适型多参数集成监测设备(裂缝+倾角+加速度计)、雨量计、加速度计等,对“降雨+变形”等关键致灾因子开展专业化监测;通讯采用NB lot等公共通信网组合方式进行传输,有效降低了通信成本和设备功耗;监测数据汇聚至省级平台,并实时同步至自主研发的国家级监测预警系统,通过判据模型自动触发预警。通过近半年的系统运行,滑坡体上安装的裂缝计、加速度计等均及时捕捉到了明显的滑坡加速变形信息,初步显现了普适型设备的监测成效和预警作用。同时,系统将预警消息实时发送到相关责任人员的手机,预警结果可有效指导相关部门开展应急响应工作。This paper takes the Kamenziwan landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir as a case and introduces the whole process of the landslide monitoring and early warning,such as the site selection and design of reconnaissance investigation,installation,implementation,real-time transmission of monitoring data,and automatic warning.The front-end collection of monitoring data chose the universal integrated multi-parameter monitoring equipment(crack+dip Angle+ac celerometer),rain gauge,accelerometer,etc for the professional monitoring of the key factors as“rainfall+deformation”.NB LOT and other public communication network were used for data transmission,which effectively reduced the communication cost and equipment consumption.The monitoring data was aggregated to the provincial platform and synchronized to the independently developed national system timely,and the early warning was automatically triggered by the criteria model.After nearly half a year operation,the crack gauges and accelerometers installed on the landslide body have captured the obvious accelerated deformation information in time,showing the monitoring effect and early warning of the universal equipment.Besides,the system also sends real-time warning message to the mobile phones of relevant responsible personnel automatically which effectively guide the emergency work.

关 键 词：地质灾害 滑坡 监测 预警 普适型设备 三峡库区 卡门子湾滑坡 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学]