废弃PVC辅助氯化焙烧高效回收废旧锂离子电池正极材料  

WASTE PVC-ASSISTED CHLORINATION ROASTING FOR EFFICIENT RECOVERY OF CATHODE MATERIALS FROM WASTE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES

作　　者：关杰[1] 张韬 苏瑞景[1] 吴鸿铖 樊刑聪 GUAN Jie;ZHANG Tao;SU Rui-jing;WU Hong-cheng;FAN Xing-cong(Shanghai Polytechnic University,Shanghai 201209,China;Shanghai Wobai Environmental Development Co.,Ltd,Shanghai 201209,China;Shanghai Jianling Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd,Shanghai 200940,China)

机构地区：[1]上海第二工业大学,上海201209 [2]上海沃百环境发展有限公司,上海201209 [3]上海鉴灵节能环保技术有限公司,上海200940

出　　处：《环境工程》2021年第6期122-127,136,共7页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51678353);上海市高原学科-环境科学与工程(资源循环科学与工程);上海第二工业大学培育学科(XXKPY1601)。

摘　　要：采用废弃PVC作为氯化剂,通过氯化焙烧与低温水浸复合,有效提高了废弃锂离子电池正极材料LiCoO_(2)中钴和锂的浸出效率。系统研究了焙烧温度、氯化剂与正极材料LiCoO_(2)物料比、焙烧时间等参数对钴和锂浸出率的影响规律和作用机制。研究结果表明:在焙烧温度500℃、物料比5∶1、焙烧时间120 min条件下,再经60℃水浸后,钴的浸出率达到95%以上,锂的浸出率高达99%。同时采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表征焙烧前后材料的晶体结构和表面形貌以及元素化合价变化,阐明了氯化焙烧LiCoO_(2)过程中钴和锂的物相间转化机制与动力学机理。与传统的湿法、火法和生物冶金相比,该废旧锂离子电池正极材料回收技术拥有更低的能源强度和更好的工业应用前景。Using waste PVC as a chlorinating agent, through chlorination roasting and low-temperature water leaching compound, we effectively improved the leaching efficiency of cobalt and lithium in the anode material LiCoO_(2) of the waste lithium-ion battery. The effects of calcination temperature, chlorinating agent and cathode material LiCoO_(2) material ratio, calcination time and other parameters on the leaching rate of cobalt and lithium were systematically studied. The research results showed that under the conditions of calcination temperature of 500 ℃, material ratio of 5∶1, and calcination time of 120 min, the leaching rate of metallic cobalt reached more 95% above and the leaching rate of metallic lithium reached 99% after being immersed in water at 60 ℃. At the same time, X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) were used to characterize the crystal structure and surface morphology of the material before and after calcination, as well as the changes in element valence, and in-depth elucidate the process of chlorination calcination of LiCoO_(2), and conversion mechanism and kinetic mechanism of cobalt and lithium. Compared with the traditional wet method, fire method and biometallurgy technology, this recycling technology has lower energy intensity and higher industrial application prospects.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 钴酸锂 氯化焙烧 低温水浸 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]