天津滨海地区不同年限吹填土植被恢复与土壤理化性质变异特征  

VARIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF VEGETATION RESTORATION AND SOIL PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT RECLAMATION YEARS IN TIANJIN COASTAL AREA

作　　者：贾林 张金龙 刘璐瑶 王鹏山 秘洪雷 李志明 田晓明 王国强 JIA Lin;ZHANG Jin-long;LIU Lu-yao;WANG Peng-shan;MI Hong-lei;LI Zhi-ming;TIAN Xiao-ming;WANG Guo-qiang(Tianjin Engineering Center of Saline-alkali Soil Eco-landscaping,Tianjin 300457,China;Tianjin TEDA Greening Group Limited Company,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]天津泰达盐碱地绿化研究中心有限公司,天津300457 [2]天津泰达绿化科技集团有限公司,天津300457

出　　处：《环境工程》2021年第6期179-186,159,共9页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：天津滨海地区大气盐尘污染生态防治技术研究与应用(17YFZCSF01200)。

摘　　要：为探索滨海重盐碱地植物恢复过程中土壤理化性质的变异规律,对天津滨海新区5个不同吹填年限的围海吹填区植被特征以及土壤主要理化性质进行综合研究。结果表明:1)随着吹填年限的增加,植被群落由单一的盐地碱蓬群落向盐地碱蓬-芦苇群落及盐地碱蓬-柽柳群落演替,植被种类、植被生物量和植被盖度呈增加趋势;2)随着吹填年限的增加,理化性质发生变异的土层深度也随之增加,0~60 cm土层中土壤容重、含盐量和pH总体呈降低趋势,土壤孔隙度和有机质含量总体呈上升趋势,速效氮、速效磷和速效钾含量总体无明显规律,且有机质含量和速效氮含量均处于缺乏状态;3)相关性分析结果表明,吹填年限与植被的丰富度、植被盖度、根系深度、植被生物量、土壤总孔隙度及土壤有机质呈显著正相关,而与土壤容重、含盐量、pH、速效钾含量呈显著负相关,与土壤速效氮、速效磷含量无显著关系。上述研究表明,滨海围海吹填区土壤主要理化性质随着吹填年限呈现一定的差异和规律性,植被对于改善滨海吹填土壤理化性质具有直接影响。该研究结果可为滨海重盐碱地的生态建设工作提供参考。In order to explore the variation law of soil physical and chemical properties in the process of plant restoration in coastal heavy saline-alkali, the physical and chemical properties and vegetation characteristics of five reclaimed soils in Tianjin coastal area with different dredging years were analyzed comprehensively. The results showed that: as the blowing years increase, 1) the vegetation community was descended from the single Suaeda salsa community to the Suaeda salsa-Phragmites communis-Suaeda glauca community and then to the Suaeda salsa-Tamarix chinensis-Kochia scoparia-Limonium sinense community;2) the variety, aboveground biomass and coverage of vegetation showed an increasing trend;0~60 cm soil layer, soil bulk density, soil salt content and soil pH showed a general trend of decrease, soil porosity and soil organic matter content showed a general trend of increase, and the content of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium showed no obvious law on the whole.The content of organic matter and available nitrogen were in the state of deficiency;3) The results of correlation analysis showed that, there was a significant positive correlation between blowing years and vegetation richness, vegetation coverage, root depth, vegetation biomass, total soil porosity and soil organic matter, however, there was a significant negative correlation between blowing years and soil bulk density, salt content, soil pH and the content of available potassium but not with the content of available nitrogen and available phosphorus. The above research showed that the main physical and chemical properties of soil in coastal reclamation area showed certain differences and regularity with the reclamation years. Vegetation had a direct impact on improving the physical and chemical properties of coastal reclamation soil. These results provided theoretical support for the ecological construction of the coastal heavy saline-alkali land.

关 键 词：围海吹填 土壤理化性质 植被恢复 相关性 重盐碱地 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学] X171.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]