化学品运输船泄漏事故应急救援培训现状、问题归因与对策  

Study on the Present Situation, Problem Attribution and Countermeasures of the Emergency Rescue Training for Chemical Carrier Leakage Accidents

作　　者：傅吉尧 李玉宝 王海斌[3] FU Ji-Yao;LI Yu-Bao;WANG Hai-Bin(Department of Navigation,Navy Petty Officer Academy,Bengbu 233012,China;The Navy Training Base of North Theater,Qingdao 266231,China;Unit 92609,Beijing 100077,China)

机构地区：[1]海军士官学校航海系,安徽蚌埠233012 [2]北部战区海军训练基地,山东青岛266231 [3]92609部队,北京100077

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2021年第16期88-96,共9页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

摘　　要：以方便采样的方法随机抽取210名队员问卷调查、10名指挥员访谈,介绍化学品运输船泄漏事故应急救援培训现状及需求,进行问题归因,为科学组织培训提供对策建议。调查结果采用SPSS 24.0软件和Excel 2016软件进行统计分析,结果显示:目前培训以本单位内部集中培训为主,以知识和技能居多;后续培训需求内容上侧重能力提升、理念更新,时间上以20~40学时为主,形式上以业务研讨、参观见习等为主,方法上以操作示范、结对经验传授、模拟岗位实践为主;目前主要存在认识不足、理念滞后、激励和考核机制不全等问题;制约因素有活动设计、场地设备、质效评估、参与意识等。建议积极引导参与培训、科学确定目标、提高培训内容的匹配度、建立激励机制,提高培训质效。By using convenient sampling method, 210 national maritime nuclear, biological and chemical emergency rescue team members were randomly selected for questionnaire survey and 10 commanders were interviewed. The paper presented the current situation and demands of the emergency rescue training for chemical carrier leakage accidents, find out the problems existing in the training and to conduct attribution analysis and provide countermeasures and suggestions for scientific organization of the training. The results of the survey were analyzed by SPSS 24.0 and Excel 2016 software. The results show that the national maritime nuclear, biological and chemical emergency rescue team members participate in training mainly in the form of centralized training within their own units, the content of which is mostly knowledge and skills. The content of follow-up training focuses on capacity enhancement and concept updating. The training time is mainly 20~40 class hours, and the training form is mainly business discussion and visiting internship. The method is mainly operation demonstration, pair experience teaching and simulated post practice. At present, there are mainly problems such as insufficient understanding, lagging concept, inadequate incentive and evaluation mechanism. The restrictive factors include activity design, site equipment, quality and efficiency evaluation, participation consciousness, etc. It is suggested to guide participation actively in training, determine goals scientifically, improve matching degree of training contents, establish incentive mechanisms and improve training quality and effectiveness.

关 键 词：应急救援 培训现状 归因分析 对策 

分 类 号：TQ086.52[化学工程]