特藏寒肉用绵羊杂交后代横交固定效果研究  

Study on the effect of transverse cross fixation of hybrid progeny of special Tibetan cold-mutton sheep

作　　者：王志武 孙锐锋 李俊 赵鹏[1] 郭宏宇 WANG Zhiwu;SUN Ruifeng;LI Jun;ZHAO Peng;GUO Hongyu(College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030032,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科学学院,太原030032

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第16期31-34,共4页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：山西省重点研发项目(201903D221004,201903D211012);山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC130);山西农业大学畜牧专项(YCX2021XMZX3)。

摘　　要：为了促进特藏寒肉羊新品系的培育,试验选择特藏寒F2代(欧拉藏羊♂×小尾寒羊♀×特克赛尔♂)含多胎基因(FecB基因)杂合子(B+)型母羊15只和野生(++)型母羊35只,分别与4只特藏寒F3代(特藏寒F2♀×特克赛尔♂)公羊(编号为TZX1703、TZX1801、TZX1903、TZX1805)进行横交组合的选种选配。10只特克赛尔母羊作为对照,用1只特克赛尔公羊进行本交。观察横交后代体型外貌特征;测定不同横交组合和特克赛尔本交母羊的产羔数、后代羔羊初生重和1,3,4月龄空腹体重,以及4月龄羔羊的体高、体长、胸宽、胸围体尺指标,计算母羊产羔率和后代羔羊1~4月龄的平均日增重。结果表明:B+型母羊平均产羔率为186.67%,比++型母羊平均产羔率(117.14%)显著提高了59.36%(P<0.05),比特克赛尔本交母羊产羔率(140.00%)显著提高了33.34%(P<0.05);B+型母羊中以TZX1703和TZX1805公羊所配母羊产羔率(200.00%)最高,其他依次为TZX1903(180.00%)、TZX1801(166.67%)公羊;++型母羊以TZX1805公羊所配母羊产羔率(125.00%)最高,然后依次是TZX1703(120.00%)、TZX1903(112.50%)公羊。TZX1801公羊后代羔羊初生重最大(4.39 kg),TZX1703公羊后代初生重最小(3.82 kg),二者差异显著(P<0.05)。不同横交组合和特克赛尔本交后代羔羊4月龄体重大小依次为TZX1801(40.48 kg)>特克赛尔(39.72 kg)>TZX1805(39.26 kg)>TZX1703(38.16 kg)>TZX1903(36.68 kg)。TZX1801公羊后代羔羊平均日增重、胸宽、胸围均显著高于TZX1903公羊(P<0.05),与其他公羊后代羔羊之间的平均日增重、体尺指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明TZX1703、TZX1805公羊所配母羊产羔率高,后代羔羊生长发育快,体型外貌符合育种目标;TZX1801公羊所配母羊产羔率较低,但后代羔羊生长发育快;TZX1703、TZX1805、TZX1801可以作为种公羊用,与B+型母羊配种能提高母羊产羔率和羔羊生产性能。In order to promote the breeding of a new strain of special Tibetan cold-mutton sheep,15 ewes carrying the multiparous gene(FecB gene)heterozygous(B+)type and 35 ewes of the pure heterozygous(++)type of the special Tibetan cold-mutton sheep F2 generation(Ouler Tibetan sheep♂×small-tailed Han sheep♀×Texel sheep)were selected in the experiment.These ewes were cross bred with 4 breeding rams(TZX1703,TZX1801,TZX1903,TZX1805)of special Tibetan cold-mutton sheep F3 generation(special Tibetan cold-mutton sheep F2♀×Texel♂),respectively.Ten Texel ewes were used as control,and one Texel ram was used to cross with them.The body shape and appearance of the progeny of transverse cross combinations were observed.The lambing number of ewe,the birth weight and fasting body weight at 1,3,4 months of crossbred lambs,the body height,body length,chest width,chest circumference and body size of 4-month-old crossbred lambs were measured under different transverse cross combinations and Texel crossing,and lambing rate,average daily gain at 1-4 months of crossbred lambs was calculated.The results showed that the average lambing rate of B+type ewes was 186.25%and++type ewes was 117.14%.The average lambing rate of B+type ewes was increased by 59.36%compared with that of++type ewes(P<0.05),and by 33.34%compared with that of Texel crossing ewe(140.00%,P<0.05).Among the B+type ewes,the lambing rate of the ewes matched with TZX1703 and TZX1805 ram were the highest(200.00%),followed by TZX1903(180.00%)and TZX1801(166.67%)ram.Among++type ewes,the lambing rate of the ewes matched with TZX1805 ram was the highest(125.00%),followed by TZX1703(120.00%)and TZX1903(112.50%)ram.The first birth weight of the offspring of TZX1801 and TZX1703 ram were the highest(4.39 kg)and the lowest(3.82 kg),respectively,and there was a significant difference between them(P<0.05).The weight of 4-month-old lambs under different transverse cross combinations and Texel crossing was TZX1801(40.48 kg)>Texel(39.72 kg)>TZX1805(39.26 kg)>TZX1703(38.16 kg)>TZX1903(3

关 键 词：特藏寒杂交羊 多胎基因 产羔率 初生重 横交固定 选种选配 

分 类 号：S813.1[农业科学—畜牧学]