一种用于自由运转SPAD的高速淬灭电路设计  

A High-Speed Quenching Circuit for Free-Running Single Photon Avalanche Detector

作　　者：李云铎 叶联华 刘煦 黄松垒[1,2] 黄张成[1,2] 龚海梅[1,2] LI Yunduo;YE Lianhua;LIU Xu;HUANG Songlei;HUANG Zhangcheng;GONG Haimei(State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology,Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200083,CHN;Key Laboratory of Infrared Imaging Materials and Detectors,Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200083,CHN;ShanghaiTech University,Shanghai 200100,CHN;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,CHN)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所传感技术联合国家重点实验室,上海200083 [2]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所中国科学院红外成像材料与器件重点实验室,上海200083 [3]上海科技大学,上海200100 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《半导体光电》2021年第3期402-406,共5页Semiconductor Optoelectronics

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金项目(19ZR1465500)。

摘　　要：针对标准CMOS工艺的单光子雪崩探测器(Single Photon Avalanche Detector,SPAD),设计了一种可用于自由运转模式的高速淬灭电路。为了实现淬灭电路的功能设计与精准仿真,根据实测的SPAD电流-电压曲线拟合得到了电流与电压间的多段式函数解析式,进一步建立了SPAD器件的Verilog-A行为级模型并与淬灭电路进行集成仿真与验证。淬灭电路采用基于电容感应的主被动淬灭结构,利用可变MOS电容的延迟电路实现了关断时间(Hold-off Time)的灵活调节。仿真结果表明,所设计淬灭电路的淬灭时间和恢复时间分别为1.0和1.2ns,关断时间调节范围为1.02~3.55μs,可以满足自由运转CMOS SPAD的应用需求。In this paper,a fast quenching circuit is designed and simulated for free-running CMOS single photon avalanche diode(SPAD).In order to obtain more accurate simulation results,an enhanced SPAD simulation model is compiled using Verilog-A language,and I-V characteristic is expressed by three segmented functions.The fast quenching circuit is based on mixed passive-active quenching and capacitive sensing.A timing control circuit composed of the variable MOS capacitor is used to achieve hold-off time regulation.The simulation results show that the quenching time and reset time of the quenching circuit are 1.0 and 1.2 ns,respectively.The hold-off time can be varied in the range of 1.02~3.55μs,which can meet the requirements of free-running CMOS SPAD detectors.

关 键 词：SPAD 盖革模式 淬灭电路 自由运转 

分 类 号：TN402[电子电信—微电子学与固体电子学]