汉语博喻的语篇功能阐释及分析模型建构  

Chinese Megametaphor:Discourse Functions and Tentative Analyzing Framework

作　　者：王娟娟[1] 孙毅 WANG Juanjuan;SUN Yi(School of English Teacher Education,Xi’an International Studies University,Xi’an 710128,China;Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou 510420,China)

机构地区：[1]西安外国语大学英语师范学院,陕西西安710128 [2]广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心,广东广州510420

出　　处：《山东外语教学》2021年第4期25-37,共13页Shandong Foreign Language Teaching

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“汉语隐喻的逻辑表征与认知计算”(项目编号:18ZDA290)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：博喻的语篇衔接和语篇连贯功能已得到一定讨论,但其篇章架构功能涉及很少。同时,学界普遍认为博喻通过词汇隐喻和语法隐喻两种策略参与语篇建构。但研究表明,汉语博喻体现为语法隐喻的情况极少,且英语某些语法隐喻类型未必出现在汉语中。因此,本文以吴岩在高等学校专业设置与教学指导委员会第一次全会上的讲话为例,尝试论证汉语博喻完全可以通过词汇隐喻这一单一策略实现衔接、连贯,甚至篇章架构的语篇功能。由于其语言的独特性,汉语语篇博喻的实现策略有自己的独特性,可以通过延续整个语篇的词汇隐喻构建复杂网络系统,激活人们深层概念认知,为语篇搭建心理空间和信息流,从而实现在英语中只有通过词汇隐喻和语法隐喻两种策略才能达成的语篇功能。在此基础上,本文尝试搭建汉语博喻语篇功能的分析模型,为汉语语篇分析提供一个新的认知视角。Extensive discussion has been carried out on the cohesive and coherent functions of megametaphor,but not its discourse framing function.Meanwhile,it is acknowledged that megametaphor contributes to discourse construction through both lexical metaphor and grammatical metaphor.However,little grammatical metaphor appears in Chinese language,and some types of English grammatical metaphor do not exist in Chinese language either.Therefore,taking Wu Yan’s Speech at the first Conference of Specialty Provision and Teaching Steering Committee in Higher Education as an example,this paper argues that Chinese megametaphor could achieve all the three discourse functions of cohesion,coherence,and discourse framing only with lexical metaphors,which results from its distinctive traits.Lexical metaphors in Chinese could trigger deep conceptual cognition in people’s mind by means of building a cognitive network which extends through the whole discourse,and construct mental space and information flow,thus achieving the same discourse functions of English megametaphor.Based on that,this paper constructs a tentative analyzing framework for Chinese megametaphor,hoping to provide a new cognitive perspective for Chinese discourse analysis.

关 键 词：汉语博喻 词汇隐喻 语篇功能 分析模型 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]