秸秆腐熟剂对水稻秧苗素质及育秧基质微生物的影响  

Effect of Straw Decomposition Agent on Rice Seedling Quality and the Substrate Microorganism

作　　者：王津 魏赛金[1,2] 魏丽梅 WANG Jin;WEI Saijin;WEI Limei(College of Biology Science and Engineering,Jiangxi Agriculural Universiry,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330045;Instiute of Applied Microbiology,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330045)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学生物科学与工程学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学应用微生物研究所,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《核农学报》2021年第10期2413-2422,共10页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31460469)。

摘　　要：为探究接种腐熟剂堆沤秸秆作为育秧基质培育水稻秧苗的可行性及其在生态学方面的机制,本研究结合理化测定并采用末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)分析,探究了浅盘试验条件下的水稻秧苗素质、基质矿质成分及基质微生物多样性。结果表明,与对照组相比,接种腐熟剂堆沤秸秆作为育秧基质使得水稻鲜重、水稻株高、水稻假茎宽、水稻根等形态学指标有所提高;基质中有机质、全氮、有效磷含量增加显著;基质中细菌和霉菌的生物量分别增加了3.61、70.67倍;细菌中参与C循环、S循环、N循环、抗致病微生物、有益微生物、未知功能微生物、营养代谢相关细菌的生物量分别提高了0.80、1.33、4.86、2.62、6.27、3.24、2.69倍;基质中亚硝化细菌、反硝化细菌、好气性纤维素分解菌、硅酸盐细菌、硝化细菌、好气性自身固氮菌、硅酸盐细菌等功能微生物的数量分别提高了136.50、17.61、8.26、5.65、3.99、2.63倍。研究表明,秸秆腐熟剂改变了原始环境的微生物群落结构并有益于水稻生长。本研究为合理利用堆沤秸秆基质育秧提供了科学依据。To explore the feasibility of cultivating rice seedling by a seedling substrate which was inoculated decomposing agent into piled up straw, and to analyse how the decomposition agent promote the growth of rice seeding in terms of ecological mechanism, physical and chemical determination, and the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism(T-RFLP), was used to analyze the changes of rice seedling quality, substrate mineral composition and microbial diversity in substrat under shallow dish experimental conditions. The result showed that compared with the control, the inoculation of straw fermentation substrate with straw decomposition agent had a significant benefit effect on rice fresh weight, rice plant height, rice false stem width, rice root, morphological indicators;organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus of seedling substrate increased significantly;biomass of bacteria and moulds were increased by 3.61 times and 70.67 times respectively;the number of bacteria involved in the C cycle, S cycle, N cycle, anti-pathogenic bacteria, beneficial bacteria, unknown functional bacteria, and nutritional metabolism were increased by 0.80, 1.33, 4.86, 2.62, 6.27, 3.24 and 2.69 times. The number of functional microorganisms were increased significantly, nitritebacteria, nitrobacteria, anaerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, silicate bacteria, nitrobabteria and aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria were increased about 136.50, 17.61, 8.26, 5.65, 3.99, 2.63 times. The study showed that the straw decomposition agent effectively promoted the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the substrate, changed the microbial community of the original environment and was beneficial to the growth of rice, which provided a scientific basis for the rational use of straw substrate for seedling raising.

关 键 词：秸秆腐熟剂 秧苗素质 群落结构 末端限制性片段长度多样性(T-RFLP) 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]