金属水溶液电解电极电流在线测量方法  

An on-line measurement method for electrode current of metal aqueous solution electrolysis

作　　者：李平[1] 赵仁涛[1] 铁军[1] 张水华 刘伟泉 Li Ping;Zhao Rentao;Tie Jun;Zhang Shuihua;Liu Weiquan(School of Electrical and Control Engineering,North China University of Technology,Beijing 100144,China)

机构地区：[1]北方工业大学电气与控制工程学院,北京100144

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2021年第6期253-260,共8页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21978004)项目资助。

摘　　要：在金属的水溶液电解提取过程中,电极短路会降低电解电流效率,增大电耗,降低阴极产品的质量。电极电流的变化是监测电极短路的最有效方法。由于电解环境恶劣、电磁场分布复杂,电极数目众多,目前缺少有效的电极电流在线测量方法。本文提出一种测量电极电流的方法,其采用线性霍尔传感器实时检测电极下的磁感应强度,利用霍尔电势、磁感应强度和电流之间的解耦数学模型计算出流过导电棒电流。在实验室使用导电棒代替电极搭建电解槽进行测试,结果表明,当流过导电棒的总电流在10~100 A之间按照线性变化时,本文提出的方法测得的单个导电棒的电流与钳形表测量值的偏差在1 A以内,测量误差在2%以内。本电流测量系统精度高,可以用于铜、锌等金属水溶液电解槽的电极电流在线测量。During the process of electrolytic extraction of metal from aqueous solutions,short-circuiting electrodes could reduce electrolysis current efficiency,increase power consumption,and reduce the quality of cathode products.The change of electrode current is the most effective way to monitor electrode short circuit.Due to the harsh electrolysis environment,the complex electromagnetic field distribution,and the large number of electrodes,there are currently lack of effective online electrode current measurement methods.This paper proposes a method of measuring electrode current,which uses a linear Hall sensor to detect the magnetic induction under the electrode in real time.The decoupling mathematical model among the Hall potential,magnetic induction and current is utilized to calculate the current flowing through the conductive rod.In the laboratory,conductive rods are used instead of electrodes to build an electrolytic cell for testing.Results show that when the total current flowing through the conductive rods varies linearly between 10 and 100 A,the current of a single conductive rod measured by the proposed method is comparable to the clamp.The deviation of the measured value of the shape meter is within 1 A.And the measurement error is within 2%.The current measurement system has high accuracy and can be used for on-line measurement of electrode currents in electrolyzers of metal aqueous solutions such as copper and zinc.

关 键 词：水溶液电解 电流模型 电极电流测量 检测系统 

分 类 号：TH86[机械工程—仪器科学与技术] TF301[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]