考虑电动汽车集群的互联电网负荷频率分散预测控制  

Decentralized predictive control of load frequency for interconnected power grid considering electric vehicle clusters

作　　者：卢姬 常俊晓 刘瑞 张军达 Lu Ji;Chang Junxiao;Liu Rui;Zhang Junda(Taizhou Power Supply Company,State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Company,Taizhou 318000,Zhejiang,China;State Grid Zhejiang Integrated Energy Service Company,Hangzhou 310014,China)

机构地区：[1]国网浙江省电力有限公司台州供电公司,浙江台州318000 [2]国网浙江综合能源服务有限公司,杭州310014

出　　处：《电测与仪表》2021年第9期96-102,共7页Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0903705)。

摘　　要：随着大量电动汽车接入互联电网,其移动的充电模式会给电网带来一定的冲击,反过来,电动汽车作为一种移动式储能单元可参与互联电网调频,但目前的研究都是集中式或分散式的V2G控制上。在电动汽车储能电池动态模型的基础上,构建含电动汽车集群的多区域互联电网负荷频率控制模型,基于广域监测系统,结合模型预测控制实现了多区域电网负荷频率广域分散预测控制。在MATLAB/Simulink中搭建三区域互联电网模型,并进行仿真分析。算例结果表明,电动汽车作为移动式储能单元参与互联电网调频,可以在短时间内平抑电网频率波动;而文中提出的广域分散预测控制方法较经典的PI控制方法,能将三区域电网的频率偏差限制在更小的范围内波动,又能较快地恢复至稳态值。With a large number of electric vehicles plugged into the interconnected power grid,their mobile charging mode will bring a certain impact on the power grid.Conversely,as a mobile energy storage unit,electric vehicles can participate in the frequency regulation of the interconnected power grid,but the current research concentrates on centralized V2G control or decentralized V2G control.Based on the dynamic model of electric vehicle energy storage battery,the load frequency control model of multi-area interconnected power grid with electric vehicle clusters is constructed.Based on wide area monitoring system and model predictive control,the wide area decentralized load frequency predictive control of multi-area power grid is realized.The model of three-area interconnected power grid is built in MATLAB/Simulink and simulation analysis is carried out.The example results show that the frequency fluctuation of the interconnected power grid can be suppressed in a short time when the electric vehicle is used as a mobile energy storage unit,and the wide area decentralized predictive control method proposed in this paper can limit the frequency deviation of the three-area power grid to a smaller range and recover to steady state value quicker than the classical PI control method.

关 键 词：多区域互联电网 负荷频率 电动汽车集群 WAMS 分散模型预测控制 

分 类 号：TM711[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]